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Manual  FOR  Officess 


IRVING  ON   3.^0 AliD 


fl  ^.  (IR'JISISG  TRAINIG  SHIPS 


vVASHINGTON 


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OF  THK 

University  of  California. 

'■d       Of^j^f.       .189^.. 


Receivet 


Accession  No.  /    Y^  S^    -    Class  No. 


Manual  for  Officers 


SERVING  ON  BOARD 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


1899. 


WASHINGTON: 

GOVEHXMENT   PRINTING  OFFICE. 

1899. 


'//3.S' 

h 


7;  2.8-^ 


NAVY  DEPARTMENT, 

Bureau  of  Navigation, 

Washington,  D.  C,  June  5,  1899. 

The  within  manual,  compiled  by  Commander  John  J.  Hunker, 
U.  S.  N. ,  modified  in  some  details  by  the  Bureau  of  Navigation, 
for  the  United  States  cruising  training  ships,  is  approved. 

In  making  a  cruise  to  the  West  Indies  or  Europe,  the  ports 
visited  will  be  determined  by  the  prevailing  winds. 

A.  S.  Crowninshield, 

Chief  of  Bureau. 


(3) 


U.  S.  S.  "Annapolis,"  Third  Rate, 
Navy  Yard,  Norfolk,  Va.,  May  25,  1889. 

Sir  :  In  obedience  to  Bureau's  letter  of  March  22,  1899,  the  fol- 
lowing report  is  respectfully  submitted,  giving  the  results  of 
my  experience  while  in  command  of  the  training  ship  Annapolis 
and  the  methods  followed  in  training  apprentices  during  two 
winter  cruises  in  the  West  Indies. 

2.  In  accordance  with  the  wishes  of  the  Btireau,  these  notes 
and  suggestions  have  been  indexed  and  arranged  in  the  form  of 
a  guide  or  manual,  so  that  if  the  Bureau  so  desires  they  can  be 
published  for  the  information  and  guidance  of  commanding  offi- 
cers of  training  ships. 

3.  With  regard  to  the  itinerary,  a  list  of  the  ports  considered 
best  adapted  for  training  ships  is  given,  with  a  few  additional 
items  of  importance  not  found  in  the  sailing  directions.  Lists 
of  questions  in  all  branches  of  seamanship,  gunnery,  signals,  etc., 
are  given,  covering  information  and  knowledge  considered  essen- 
tial in  the  instruction  and  training  of  apprentices ;  th^  method 
of  organization  is  described;  the  daily  and  weekly  routine  of 
drills  and  exercises,  the  best  places  for  target  practice  and  for 
landing  shore  parties  are  named ;  the  daily  bill  of  fare  for  one 
month  in  home  waters  and  one  month  in  foreign  waters  is  given 
in  detail ;  the  subjects  of  discipline,  hygiene,  liberty,  and  liberty 
money  are  touched  upon ;  the  clothing  outfit,  punishment,  and 
demerit  schedule,  and  all  matters  relating  to  the  training  of 
apprentices  in  cruising  training  ships  are  set  down  as  they  were 
carried  out  on  the  Annapolis  during  the  winters  of  1897-98  and 
1898-99. 

Very  respectfully, 

J.  J.  Hunker, 
Commander,  U.  S.  N.,  Commanding. 

The  Chief  of  Bureau  of  Navigation, 

Navy  Department,  Washington,  D.  C. 


(5) 


INDKX. 


Page. 

Organization _ _ .-. 9 

The  cruise - 12 

First  instruction 13 

Seamanship _ 14 

Ordnance  and  gunnery 28 

Signals 37 

Sail  and  spar  exercise 39 

Discipline 44 

Hygiene  -._ -_ 45 

The  mess  and  paymaster's  department 46 

Punishment  and  demerit  schedule  .  - - 61 

Routine  of  drills  and  instruction -..  63 

Cleaning  routine 69 

Itinerary 69 

The  Bailey  Medal '. 75 


(7) 


MANUAL  FOR  OFFICERS  ON  BOARD  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


ORGAI^IZATIOI^. 


1.  When  a  ship  is  commissioned  for  the  training  ser\nce  she 
will  be  completely  equipped  with  crew,  stores,  coal,  etc. ,  before 
receiving  the  apprentices  on  board. 

2.  When  the  boys  are  received  on  board  from  the  -training 
station,  they  should  be  taught  the  names  of  the  sails,  the  lead  of 
the  ropes,  and  where  to  find  them.  All  other  instructions  should 
give  way  to  this.  They  should  be  kept  at  sail  exercise  until  they 
are  proficient  enough  to  make  and  reduce  sail  promptly  at  sea. 

3.  The  apprentices  are  evenly  divided  into  starboard  and  port 
watches,  and  again  into  divisions.  The  gun  crews  are  made  up 
wholly  of  apprentices  and  all  the  guns  are  manned. 

4.  In  the  landing  force,  with  the  exception  of  the  sergeants, 
who  are  petty  officers,  the  divisions  of  apprentices  form  the  sec- 
tions of  infantry  or  field  artillery. 

5.  The  crews  of  the  boats,  excepting  the  steam  launch,  are 
made  up  of  apprentices  selected  equally  from  each  watch  and 
each  division. 

6.  The  apprentices  mess  and  live  together  and  are  berthed 
apart  from  crew. 

7.  The  crew  proper  is  also  divided  into  two  watches  and  three 
divisions  for  working  ship,  and  forms  the  navigator's,  the  powder, 
and  the  engineer  divisions. 

8.  The  chief  petty  officers  mess  together.  The  petty  officers  of 
the  first  and  second  class  are  also  divided  into  watches  and  di\4- 
sions  for  working  ship.  They  mess  and  berth  together  in  parts 
of  the  ship  most  convenient  for  the  performance  of  their  duties. 
The  petty  officers  of  the  third  class,  seamen  and  landsmen,  not 
cooks,  are  also  watched  and  divided  among  the  divisions  for 
working  ship.  They  mess  and  berth  together.  The  engineer's 
force  are  also  watched  and  divided  among  the  divisions  for  work- 
ing ship.     They  mess  and  berth  together. 

(9) 


10  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

9.  Numbers  are  given  according  to  the  watches  and  divisions 
to  which  the  men  al'e  assigned ;  thus  all  those  of  the  first  division 
have  numbers  beginning  with  1 ;  the  second  division  beginning 
with  2,  as  21,  211,  etc. ;  the  third  division  with  3,  as  31,  35,  etc. 
The  second  part  of  a  man's  number  denotes  his  number  in  his 
division;  thus  the  figures  of  his  watch,  No.  113,  would  show  that 
he  was  No.  13  in  the  first  division  of  the  starboard  watch. 

10.  The  arrangement  of  the  apprentices  into  divisions  is  a  very 
convenient  one.  It  furnishes  also  a  simple  and  convenient 
method  for  shifting  the  apprentices  from  one  part  of  the, ship 
to  another. 

11.  Apprentices  are  detailed  as  boatswain's  mates,  captains  of 
tops,  coxswains,  quartermasters,  gunner's  mates,  corporals  of  the 
guard,  signal  boys,  and  orderlies.  A  fresh  detail  is  made  every 
two  weeks,  so  that  all  can  reap  the  advantages. 

12.  Placing  boys  in  positions  of  trust  and  authority  matures 
them  and  strengthens  their  character  by  encouraging  habits  of 
self-reliance  and  responsibility.  At  the  same  time  their  pride 
stimulates  them  to  apply  themselves  in  order  to  acquire  the 
knowledge  necessary  to  perform  their  duties.  As  boatswain's 
mates  and  captains  of  tops  they  must  have  a  practical  and  inti- 
mate knowledge  of  all  that  relates  to  sails,  rigging,  etc. ;  as 
coxswains  they  take  pride  in  the  handling  of  their  boats;  as 
quartermasters  they  keep  the  columns  in  the  log  book  and 
become  familiar  with  reading  the  thermometer,  barometer,  pat- 
ent log,  compass,  etc. ,  and  as  gunner's  mates  they  assist  in  the 
care  and  preservation  of  the  guns  and  small  arms  and  acquire 
much  practical  knowledge. 

13.  Each  division  of  apprentices  is  divided  into  two  messes, 
one  in  each  watch.  The  mess  crews  form  at  the  sound  of  the 
bugle  on  the  port  or  lee  side  of  the  quarter-deck  five  minutes 
before  meals.  The  gun  captains  dress  the  line,  muster  the  boys, 
and  march  to  the  front  and  report  absentees  to  the  officer  of  the 
deck,  under  whose  direct  supervision  the  formation  is  made. 
The  crews  are  marched  in  succession  to  the  tables  below,  good 
behavior  and  order  at  tables  being  maintained  by  the  chief  mas- 
ter at  arms  and  commissary  yeoman.  The  tables  are  inspected 
by  the  executive  officer  at  least  once  a  day  and  habitually  by  the 
commissary  yeoman ;  frequent  inspections  are  also  made  by  the 
commanding  officer,  every  precaution  being  taken  to  see  that  the 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  11 

fare  is  well  chosen,  well  cooked,  and  well  served.  As  the  por- 
tions of  each  apprentice  are  served  separately,  mess  gear  is  spread 
twenty  minutes  before  meals.  The  crew  proper  are  piped  to 
meals  in  the  nsual  way. 

14.  While  in  the  tropics  the  pea  coats  and  rubber  boots  should 
be  packed  in  bags  and  stowed  away  for  safe-keeping  until  the 
return  north.  Working  suits  over  thick  woolen  underclothing 
should  be  habitually  worn.  Shoes  should  be  worn  only  at  Sun- 
day inspection  and  while  on  liberty  on  shore,  and  neckerchiefs 
discarded  while  at  sea.  They  are  expensive  and  easily  ruined ; 
they  are,  moreover,  in  the  way  while  working,  especially  when 
aloft.  Shoes,  also,  are  soon  either  lost  or  ruined  by  the  salt 
water,  and  are  likewise  expensive.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  boys 
are  much  more  active,  especially  aloft,  when  barefooted,  and  are 
less  likely,  too,  to  lose  their  hold.  One  good  pair  of  shoes  well 
cared  for  last  a  boy  a  whole  cruise. 

15.  They  should  have,  in  addition  to  the  outfit  on  hand  when 
transferred  to  the  training  ship,  a  suit  of  white  mustering  clothes 
for  dress.  These  are  inexpensive  and  add  much  to  their  comfort 
in  the  warm  weather  of  the  tropics.  This  enables  them  to  save 
their  rather  costly  blue  mustering  clothes,  a  matter  of  much  im- 
portance, considering  their  other  wants  and  their  small  pay. 

16.  Frequent  inspections  of  the  bags  and  hammocks  must  be 
made,  and  clean  clothes,  clean  blankets,  and  mattress  covers  in- 
sisted upon.  Boys  must  also  be  required  to  keep  their  clothes  in 
good  repair.  The  bedding  must  be  inspected  and  thoroughly 
aired  once  a  week,  the  blankets  hung  on  the  line  by  themselves. 
Nothing  is  more  important  than  habits  of  neatness  and  cleanli- 
ness. Boys,  with  a  little  care  and  attention  on  the  part  of  the 
officers,  soon  become  models  in  this  respect. 

17.  Apprentices  report  on  board  training  ships  with  the  follow- 
ing outfit  of  clothing  received  at  the  training  station.  They 
should  be  required  to  keep  this  number  always  on  hand,  replacing 
from  the  paymaster's  stores  on  board  articles  worn-out  or  lost : 

One  overcoat.  Three  working  suits  (white). 

One  pair  trousers  (blue).  Two  blankets  (single). 

One  overshirt  (blue).  Two  mattress  covers. 

Two  undershirts  (blue).  One  bag. 

Two  neckerchiefs.  One  lanyard. 


13  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

One  whisk  broom.  Two  pairs  shoes. 

One  pair  leggings.  Two  pairs  socks. 
One  blacking  brush  and  black-    One  mattress. 

ing.  One  hammock. 

Sixty  clothes  stops.  Two  pairs  rubber  boots. 

One  scrub  brush.  Three  bars  soap. 

Two  pairs  drawers.  One  package  needles. 

One  jersey.  One  spool  (white)  thread. 

Two  watch  caps.  One  spool  (black)  thread. 

Two  white  hats.  One  rubber  blanket. 

One  cloth  cap.  Three  apprentice  marks. 

The  following  articles  are  added  when  they  report  on  board 
the  cruising  training  ship : 

One  white  mustering  suit.      '     One  knife. 
One  suit  rain  clothes.  One  cap  ribbon. 

Toward  the  end  of  the  cruise  a  blue  mustering  suit  is  also 
added,  usually  made  by  the  ship's  tailor,  to  be  worn  when  going 
on  leave. 

The  moment  articles  of  clothing  are  drawn  they  should  be 
plainly  marked  with  the  owner's  name  with  the  stencil  furnished 
for  this  purpose. 


WINTER'S  CRUISE. 


1.  The  fact  that  the  West  Indies  and  the  region  for  a  consider- 
able distance  north  and  south  lie  entirely  within  the  trade-wind 
belt  renders  it,  in  winter,  an  ideal  one  for  the  training  service, 
and  allows  sailing  vessels  to  visit  almost  any  of  either  the  Wind- 
ward or  Leeward  islands  and  the  more  easterly  ports  on  the 
Spanish  Main.  Vessels  carry  steady  leading  winds  sailing  north 
and  south,  it  being  only  necessary  to  provide  against  falling  too 
far  to  leeward,  the  strong  trades  and  currents,  which  set  to  the 
westward  throughout  the  whole  region,  making  it  a  difficult 
matter  to  beat  to  windward. 

2.  Sailing  from  Newport,  the  first  port  should  be  Barbados; 
from  there  it  is  a  fair  wind  to  St.  Lucia  and  Martinique,  and 
standing  north  again  from  either  of  these  ports,  St.  Kitts,  Santa 


f  orn»  \ 

I  ^XrVERSITY  ) 

U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  Stfh^g^  CAliFQBH'>^^^13 

Cruz,  St.  Thomas,  and  San  Juan,  P.  R.,  all  agreeable,  healthy 
ports,  with  good  anchorages  conveniently  near  the  shore,  can  be 
easily  reached  under  sail.  From  St.  Thomas  vessels  can  stand 
across  the  Caribbean  to  La  Guayra  or  Curagoa,  and  from  there 
north  again  to  Kingston  or  Guantanamo.  Both  are  in  a  good 
weatherly  position  from  which  to  sail  to  Florida  Bay,  Key  West, 
or  home  to  Gardiner's  Bay.  If  Trinidad  is  visited,  sailing  ves- 
sels will  find  it  difficult  to  fetch  to  windward  as  far  as  St.  Thomas 
on  the  return  stretch  to  the  northward. 

3.  Training  ships  making  the  winter  cruise  in  the  West  Indies 
should  start  from  Newport  about  the  1st  of  November.  By  that 
time  the  hurricane  season  is  over  and  settled  weather  prevails 
south  of  Bermuda  for  the  next  seven  or  eight  months. 

4  Everything  being  in  readiness,  the  ship  should  go  to  sea, 
taking  advantage,  if  possible,  of  the  first  northwester.  These 
usually  last  three  or  four  days,  and  are  strong  enough  to  carry 
the  ship  well  to  the  southward  and  within  the  northern  limits  of 
the  northeast  trades. 


FIRST    IXSTRUCTIOX 


BAG    AXD  HAMMOCK. 

1.  To  be  able  to  sling  a  hammock,  plaiting  up  the  ends  of  the 
nettles. 

2.  To  hang  a  hammock  up  and  secure  the  lashing  properly. 

3.  To  lash  a  hammock  up  and  know  the  number  of  turns  to 
take  with  the  lashing ;  except  for  night  quarters,  or  if  the  fire 
bell  should  ring. 

4.  To  stop  apiece  of  clothes  or  hammock  on  a  girtline  or  clothes- 
line. 

5.  To  fold  up  a  piece  of  clothes  for  stowing  in  a  bag,  and  to  lay 
out  the  whole  kit  for  inspection. 

6.  To  put  in  clothes  stops. 

7.  To  fold  up  bed  blanket,  mattress,  and  bed  cover  for  inspec- 
tion. 

8.  To  scrub  a  hammock  and  wash  clothes. 

9.  To  use  a  thimble  and  needle  and  sew  on  a  button. 


14 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

SEAMAN^SHIP. 


To  pass  in  Seamanship,  apprentices  must  know  the  names  of 
and  be  able  to  point  ont  the  following : 


PARTS  OF  A  SHIP. 


Spar  deck. 

Gun  deck. 

Berth  deck. 

Hold. 

Half  deck. 

Poop  deck. 

Forecastle. 

Quarter-deck. 

Bow. 

Amidships. 

Gangways. 

Waterways. 

Topgallant  forecastle. 

Knightheads. 

Figureheads. 

Limbers. 

Double  bottoms. 

Steerage. 

Wings. 

Bread  rooms. 

Storerooms. 

Tanks. 

Magazines. 

Shell  rooms. 

Bunkers. 

Chain  lockers. 

Topsides. 

Bulwarks. 

Counter. 


Stem. 

Cutwater. 

Forefoot. 

Water-tight  bulkheads. 

Beams. 

Sternpost. 

Rudderpost. 

Rudder. 

Shoe. 

Bow,  stern. 

Quarter. 

Heel. 

Keel. 

Keelson. 

False  keel. 

Bilge. 

Bilge  keels. 

Bends. 

Water  line. 

Manger. 

Run. 

Taffrail. 

Bumpkin. 

Hammock  nettings. 

Scuppers. 

Ports. 

Port  sills. 

Carlings. 

Knees. 


Stanchions. 

Rudder. 

Rudderpost. 


SHIP'S  FITTINGS. 

Gratings. 

Hatchways. 

Combings. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


15 


Hawse  holes. 
Bucklers. 
Hawse  pipes. 
Chain  pipes. 
Chain  bitts. 
Compressors. 
Capstan, 

Topsail  sheet  bitts. 
Fife  rails. 
Pin  rails. 
Belaying  pins. 
Eyebolts. 
Cathead. 

Fish  boom  or  davit 
Billboard. 
Channels. 
Horse  block. 
Chain  plates. 
Sea  steps. 
Apprentices  must  be  able 


Accommodation  ladders. 

Davits. 

Hammock  cloths. 

Headboards. 

Boom  covers. 

Shoe. 

Bitts. 

Shelf  piece. 

Scuttles. 

Ringbolts. 

Cleats. 

Clevis  bolts. 

Companion  ladders. 

Cavils. 

Manropes. 

Wheel. 

Wheel  ropes. 

Yoke  or  tiller. 

to  answer  the  following  questions : 


ANCHORS. 


How  many  kinds? 

Describe  and  name  parts  of — 

Solid  anchor. 

Patent  anchor. 

Bower  anchor. 

Sheet  anchor. 

Stream  anchor. 

Kedge  anchor. 

Mushroom  anchor. 

Sea  anchor. 

Anchor  shackle  and  jew's- 
harp. 

Balancing  link. 

Jury  anchor. 


A  foul  anchor. 

A  buoy ;  its  use,  and  how  se- 
cured to  an  anchor. 

Cat  and  fish  an  anchor. 

A  ring  stopper. 

A  shank  painter. 

Secure  an  anchor  for  sea. 

Carry  out  a  kedge;  weigh  a 
kedge. 

Kedging. 

Warping. 


CABLES. 


State  how  long. 
How  divided    and 
nected. 


how  con- 


How  marked. 

A  swivel  and  its  use. 

A  shackle  and  a  pin. 


16 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 


A  forelock. 

A  club  link. 

A  stud ;  its  use. 

The  bitter  end ;  how  secured. 

A  stream  chain. 

How  secure  a  rope  cable  to  an 
anchor. 

Chain  bitts. 

Bitt  a  chain  cable. 

Range  a  chain  cable. 

Bring  to  the  chain. 

A  stopper ;  its  use. 

The  compressor ;  its  use ;  con- 
troller, 

A  deck-stopper ;  its  use. 

To  veer  chain ;  surging. 

Moor  ship. 


Let  go  an  anchor. 

Heave  up  an  anchor. 

A  fish  davit. 

A  fish  hook. 

A  cat  hook. 

A  capstan ;  a  windlass. 

Moor  ship ;  unmoor  ship. 

An  open  hawse. 

A  foul  hawse. 

A  cross. 

An  elbow. 

A  round  turn. 

A  round  turn  and  an  elbow. 

Clear  the  hawse. 

Clear  hawse  pendant. 

A  mooring  swivel ;  its  use. 

A  mooring  buoy ;  how  anchored. 


Flood  tide. 
Ebb  tide. 
High  tide. 
Half  tide. 
Low  tide. 
Slack  water. 


TIDES. 

Spring  tides. 
Neap  tides. 
Weather  tide. 
Lee  tide. 

How  many  high 
Low  tides  ? 


tides  a  day? 


Apprentices  must  be  able  to  make  and  explain  the  following 


Eye  splice. 

Short  splice. 

Long  splice. 

Grommet. 

Cross  seizing. 

Quarter  or  flat  seizing. 

Parceling. 

Serving. 

Sword  mat. 


Throat  seizing. 

Wall  and  crovni. 

Matthew  Walker. 

Sennit. 

Racking. 

Rose  lashing. 

Common  whipping. 

Worming. 

To  strap  a  block  in  all  ways. 


Apprentices  must  know  the  names  of  and  the  use  of  the  follow- 
ing: 


BLOCKS. 


Single. 
Double. 


Treble. 
Clump. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


17 


Brace. 

Hanging. 

Shoulder. 

Fly. 

Fiddle. 

Deadeye. 

Secret. 

Fairleader. 

Cat. 

Swivels. 

Heart. 

Jeer  block. 

Fish. 

Top  block. 

Patent. 

Topgallant  top  block. 

Sister. 

Cheek  block. 

Snatch. 

Dasher  block. 

Iron. 

Enphroe. 

Gin. 

Jewel  block. 

Swivel. 

Block  and  block. 

PAKTS  OF  A  BLOCK. 

Shell. 

Top. 

Sheave. 

Bottom. 

Bonching. 

Swallow. 

Pin. 

Score. 

BEXDS . 

ANI>  HITCHES. 

Half  hitch. 

• 

Bowline. 

Timber  hitch. 

Running  bowline. 

Clove  hitch. 

Bowline  on  a  bight. 

Roband  hitch. 

Sheet  bend. 

Rolling  hitch. 

Reef  knot. 

Round  turn  and  half  hitch. 

Sheepshank. 

Marlin-spike  hitch. 

Clinch. 

Blackwall  hitch. 

Figure  of  8  knot. 

Fisherman's  bend. 

Overhand  knot. 

Studding-sail  halliard  bend. 

Carrick  bend. 

Catspaw. 

Rope-yam  knot. 

To  pass  a  stopper. 

To  sling  a  cask  on  end. 

To  mouse  a  hook. 

To  lower  a  man  down  from  aloft. 

To  put  a  strap  on  a 

rope. 

To  take  a  turn  around  a  cleat. 

To  put  a  strap  on  a 

spar. 

To  put  on  a  topgallant  and  royal 

To  rig  and  know  the  use  of 

a       purchase. 

parbuckle. 

To  bend  two  hawsers  together.' 

To  sling  a  cask. 

To  bend  a  hawser  to  an  anchor. 

18 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 


Apprentices  must  know  the  names  of  and  be  able  to  point  out 
the  following : 


MASTS  AKD  YARDS. 


Spars. 

Lower  masts. 

Topmasts. 

Topgallant  and  royal  masts. 

Trysail  masts. 

Bowsprit. 

Jib  boom. 

Flying  jib  boom. 

Dolphin  striker. 

Whiskers,  lower  booms. 

Spanker  galf . 

Trysail  gaff. 

Saddle  or  sliding  chock. 

Hanks. 

Studding-sail  boom. 

Spanker  boom. 

Battens. 

Masthead. 

Hounds. 

Futtock  bands. 

Trestletrees. 

Fishes. 

Crosstrees. 

Top. 

Lubber's  hole. 

Top  rim. 

Top  rail.  • 

Sleepers. 

Bolsters. 

Cap. 

Cap  shore. 

Partners. 

Wedges. 

Mast  coat. 


Step  of  mast. 

Bed  of  bowsprit. 

Bees  of  the  bowsprit. 

Saddle  of  the  jib  boom. 

Groose  neck  of  the  spanker  boom. 

Jaws  (of  a  boom  gaff ). 

Tie  bands. 

Double    topsail    or    topgallant 

yards. 
Sling  bands. 
Truck. 

Lightning  conductor. 
Heel  of  mast. 
Head  of  mast. 
Fid  hole. 
Sheeve  hole. 
Fid. 

Preventer  fid. 
Lower  yards. 
Topsail  yards. 
Topgallant  yard. 
Royal  yards. 
Skysail  yards. 
Studding-sail  yards. 
Studding-sail  booms. 
Slings  of  a  yard. 
Trusses. 
Quarters. 
Spanker  boom. 
Yard  irons. 
Boom  iron. 

Clamping  or  inner  boom  irons. 
Truss  bands. 


U.  S.  CEUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


19 


Apprentices  must  be  able  to  answer  the  following  questions : 

STANDING  RIGGIXG. 


How  are  masts  supported  ? 
How  are  yards  supported  ? 
How  are  booms  supported  ? 


How  are  gaffs  supported  ? 
How  are  davits  supported  ? 


Apprentices  must  know  the  names  of  and  be  able  to  point  out 


the  following  :* 

Stays. 

Shrouds. 

Backstays. 

Spring  stays. 

Bobstays. 

Bowsprit  shrouds. 

Futtock  shrouds. 

Gammoning. 

Lanyards  for  rigging. 

Sheer  poles. 

Afterswifters. 

Chafing  gear. 

Deadeyes. 

Masthead  pendants. 

Ratlines. 

Back  ropes. 

Jumpers. 

Boom  pendants. 


Jacob  ladders. 

Jib  guys. 

Davit  guys. 

Spans. 

Funnels. 

Scotchman. 

Martingale. 

Jackstays. 

Lifts. 

Footropes. 

Stirrups. 

Flemish  horse. 

Parrel. 

Trusses. 

Slings  for  a  yard. 

Topgallant  rigging. 

Royal  rigging. 


FITTING    RIGGING. 


At  this  instruction  the  boys  should  be  taught  to  fit  properly 
light  standing  rigging,  as  detailed  below,  and  to  set  it  up : 


With  an  eye  splice. 

"With  a  fork  and  two  lashing- 
eyes. 

With  a  throat  seizing  on  a 
bight. 

With  a  cut  splice. 

With  a  horseshoe  splice. 

Cutter  stay  fashion. 

With  end  turned  up: 

With  wooden  deadeyes. 

With  rigging  screws. 


Topgallant    and    royal    rigging 

stays. 
Blocks  where  single  straps  are 

used. 
Blocks  where  double  straps  are 

used. 
Where    two  single    blocks    are 

used. 
Rigging  a  lower  yard. 
Rigging  a  topsail  yard. 
Rigging  an  upper  yard. 


20 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 


SETTIJ^G  UP  RIGGING. 


Staying  lower  mast. 
Setting  up  lower  rigging. 
Bringing  to  a  lanyard. 
Staying  a  topmast. 
Setting  up  topmast  rigging 


Setting    up    topgallant  rigging 

and  backstays. 
Setting  up  bobstays. 
Marking  rigging  for  ratlines. 
Securing    spars     for     sparring 

down. 


Apprentices  must  know  the  names  of  leads  and  use  of  running 
rigging.  Boys  to  be  made  to  trace  each  rope,  and  not  merely  to 
commit  their  leads  to  memory. 


Royal  braces. 
Topgallant  braces. 
Topsail  braces. 
Fore  braces. 
Preventer  braces. 
Main  braces. 
Cross  jack  braces. 
Royal  lifts. 
Topgallant  lifts. 
Topsail  lifts. 
Fore  lifts. 
Main  lifts. 
Cross  jack  lifts. 
Peak  halliards. 
Throat  halliards 
Spanker  brails. 
Spanker  sheets. 
Trysail  sheets. 
Spanker  outhaul 
Vangs,  spanker. 
Peak  outhaul. 
Clew  rope. 
Trysail  brails. 
Spanker  sheets. 
Reeving  purchases. 
Royal  sheets. 
Topgallant  sheets. 
Topsail  sheets. 
Fore  sheets. 


Main  sheets. 

Fore  bunt  jigger. 

Fore  reef  tackle. 

Jib  lacing. 

Hanks. 

Royal  clewlines. 

Topgallant  clewlines. 

Topsail  clewlines. 

Topsail  bunt  jigger. 

Topsail  reef  tackles. 

Reef  burtons. 

Clew  jiggers. 

Jib  sheets. 

Jib  downhaul. 

Forward  guy. 

After  guy. 

Boom  topping  lifts. 

Boom  guys. 

Flying  jib  halliards. 

Flying  jib  downhaul. 

Jib  halliards. 

Fore-topmast  staysail  halliards. 

Fore-topmast  staysail  sheets. 

Fore-topmast  staysail  downhaul. 

Clew  garnets. 

Fore  tack. 

Main  tack. 

Royal  yard  rope. 

Royal  halliards. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


31 


Topgallant  yard  rope. 
Topgallant  halliards. 
Topgallant  buntlines. 
Top  bowlines. 
Fore  bowlines. 
Main  bowlines. 
Topsail  bnntlines 
Fore  buntlines. 
Main  buntlines. 


Leechlines. 

Mizzen  topmast  staysail  hal- 
liards, downhaul,  and  sheets. 

Gaff  topsail. 

Gaff  topsail  halliards. 

Gaff  topsail  downhaul  and  clew- 
line. 

Flying  jib  sheets. 


SAILS. 


Apprentices  must  know  the 
the  following : 
Courses. 
Topsails. 
Topgallant  sails. 
Royals. 
Storm  sails. 
Leech. 
Luff.      • 
Foot. 
Clew. 
Head. 
Peak. 
Neck. 
Tack. 
Bunt. 
Quarter, 

Robands ;  amidship  roband. 
Head  earring ;  pass. 
Reef  earring ;  pass. 
Reef  point ;  tie. 
Reeftackle  pendant. 
Reefing  jackstay. 
Becket  and  toggle. 
Buntline  cloth. 
Reef  bands. 
Belly  bands. 
Tack. 
Double  topsail. 


names  of  and  be  able  to  point  out 

Double  topgallant  sail. 

Gaskets. 
Flying  jib. 
Jib. 

Foretopmast  staysail. 
Staysails. 
Spanker. 
Gaff  topsail. 
Lower  studding  sail. 
Foretopmast  studding  sail. 
Topgallant  studding  sail. 
Cloths. 
Roping. 
Head. 
Toggles. 
A  backer. 
Sheets. 
.  Bunt. 
Cringles. 
Eyelet  holes. 
Tabling. 
Bowline  bridle. 
Buntline  toggles. 
Reef  tackle  patch. 
Top  lining. 
Goring  cloth. 
Roach. 


22  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

Mast  lining.  After  side  of  a  sail. 

Gluts.  Starboard  side  of  a  fore-and-aft 

Back  cloths.  sail. 

Seams.  Sail  covers. 

Bolt  rope.  Spectacle  iron. 

Fore  side  of  a  sail.  Thimbles. 

Port  side  of  a  fore-and-aft  sail. 

Apprentices  must  be  able  to  explain  the  following : 

Bend  a  topsail.  Reef  a  trysail. 

Bend  a  topgallant  sail.  Clew  up  a  course. 

Bend  a  gaff  topsail.  Clew  down  a  topsail. 

Set  a  course.  Clew  up  a  topgallant  sail. 

Set  a  topsail ;  a  topgallant  sail.  Furl  a  topsail ;  a  topgallant  sail. 

Set  the  spanker ;  a  gaff  topsail.  Furl  a  gaff  topsail. 

Set  the  jib.  Stow  a  jib. 

Reef  a  topsail.  Kinds  of  canvas  used  in  making 

Reef  a  course.  sails? 

THE  COMPASS  AXD  HELM.  , 

1.  All  boys  are  required  to  pass  this  instruction. 

2.  Apprentices  quickly  learn  to  box  the  compass  if  they  are 
taught  to  box  from  north  around,  first  by  eight  points,  next  by 
four,  and  next  by  two.  By  practicing  this  method  they  learn  that 
the  quadrants  are  alike  in  the  arrangement  of  the  points  and 
promptly  recognize  the  principle  upon  which  the  card  is  marked. 
It  requires  a  much  longer  time  to  learn  the  points  by  heart,  and 
they  are  more  easily  forgotten. 

3.  They  should  also  be  taught  the  connection  between  bearings 
by  compass  and  bow,  beam,  and  quarter  bearings.  Diagrams 
on  the  blackboards  and  compass  cards  large  enough  to  permit  a 
boy  to  stand  in  the  center  and  mark  the  bearings  and  courses 
are  valuable  aids  to  instruction. 

4.  Under  the  supervision  of  the  officer  of  the  deck  and  the 
quartermaster  on  watch,  the  steering  should  be  done  entirely  by 
apprentices ;  during  bad  weather  and  when  in  narrow  channels 
they  should  be  relieved  by  seamen.  The  constant  practice 
teaches  them  how  to  steer  and  how  to  read  the  compass. 

5.  Instruction  must  be  persevered  in  until  all  the  boys  are  good 
helmsmen  and  thoroughly  familiar  with  the  compass. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  23 

6.  The  questions  in  seamanship,  gunnery,  signals,  compass, 
helm,  etc.,  should  be  typewritten  and  posted  in  the  bulletin- 
boards  a  day  or  two  in  advance,  to  encourage  the  apprentices  to 
study  and  prepare  for  recitation  and  instruction. 

Apprentices  must  be  able  to  answer  the  following  questions : 

The  Compass. 

The  principal  parts. 

Gymbals ;  use  of. 

A  liquid  compass. 

State  how  many  points. 

How  many  half  points. 

How  many  degrees. 

The  four  cardinal  points. 

The  four  next  most  prominent. 

The  eight  3-letter  points;  how  the  above  are  situated  with 
reference  to  the  cardinal  points. 

How  many  points  from  North  to  NE. ;  to  N W. ;  to  East ;  to 
West ;  to  SE. ;  to  SW. 

How  many  points  in  a  quadrant ;  in  a  half  circle. 

The  points  opposite  to  WNW. ;  S.  f  E. ;  E.  i  N. ;  WNW.  i 
W.,  etc. 

Which  is  correct,  ENE.  i  N.,  or  NE.  by  E.  i  E. ;  E.  by  N.  i  E., 
orE.  IN.? 

Box  compass  from  North  to  East ;  from  West  to  South ;  by 
points ;  by  half  points. 

Explain  what  is  meant  by  a  compass  bearing. 

State  how  many  points  from  the  ship's  head  to  the  bow ;  to 
the  beam ;  to  the  quarter ;  to  right  astern ;  to  a  point  forward  of 
the  beam ;  to  three  points  abaft  the  beam ;  to  two  and  one-half 
points  on  the  quarter;  from  starboard  tack  to  port  tack;  a  full- 
rigged  ship,  how  many  points? 

From  port  tack  to  wind  on  port  beam,  how  many? 

From  port  tack  to  wind  on  port  quarter,  how  many? 

From  port  tack  to  wind  aft,  how  many? 

A  lighthouse  is  reported  bearing  SE.,  broad  on  starboard  quar- 
ter ;  how  does  the  ship  head? 

The  standard  compass. 

The  binnacle. 


24 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS 


The  lubbers  line. 
Variation  and  deviation. 
What  is  a  magnet? 
How  find  north  star? 

Apprentices  must  be  able  to  answer  the  following  questions : 

The  Helm. 


Steam  steering. 

Hand  steering. 

The  helm.    . 

The  tiller. 

The  rudder ;  material. 

The  rudder  post. 

The  yoke. 

Back  chains. 

The  pintles. 

The  gudgeons. 

The  woodlock. 

A  jury  rudder. 

The  king  spoke. 

The  wheel  ropes. 

Relieving  tackles ;  use. 

Mechanical  hand-steering  gear. 

Helm  amidships. 

Starboard;  port. 

Steady  a  starboard. 

Small  helm. 

Hard  a  starboard ;  what  means 

of  knowing  ? 
Helm ;  hard  over. 
Ease  the  helm. 
Meet  her. 
Steady. 

Right  the  helm. 
Helm  amidships. 
Ease  down  the  helm. 
Put  your  helm  up. 
Hard  up ;  hard  down.  , 
Helm  alee. 


Shift  your  helm. 

No  higher. 

Luff ;  let  her  go  off. 

Nothing  off. 

Nothing  to  the  eastward ;  how 

is  your  helm  ? 
Don't  give  her  so  much  helm. 
Weather  helm. 
Lee  helm. 
Griping. 
Steerage  way. 
Stern  board. 
To  bear  up. 
Conning  a  ship. 
To  windward. 
To  leeward. 
Weather  side. 
Lee  side. 
On  the  bow. 
Wind  abeam. 
Abaft  the  beam. 
Wind  aft. 

Wind  on  the  quarter. 
Full  and  by. 
Close  hauivid. 
Off  the  wind. 
Keep  away  two  points. 
Bring  her  up  two  points. 
By  the  wind. 
On  a  wind. 
Beating  to  windward. 
Going  free. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  25 

Running.  Boxing  off. 

Scudding.  Hauling  to  the  wind. 

Tacking ;  wearing.  Hove  to. 

Going  about.  Laying  to. 

Aback.  Broaching  to.. 
Missing  stays. 

LEAD  AND  LIXE. 

1.  Boys  are  to  be  taught  to  heave  the  lead,  using  either  hand ; 
how  to  hold  the  line  while  heaving  right  or  left,  and  how  to  haul 
it  in. 

2.  When  leadsmen  are  sent  to  the  chains,  one  side  should  be 
always  manned  by  apprentices.  Placing  dependence  upon  them 
flatters  their  self-respect,  the  surest  way  to  .a  boy's  heart,  and 
leads  them  to  make  the  greatest  possible  efforts  to  excel. 

3.  In  port  the  practice  of  heaving  the  lead  from  the  boats  should 
form  part  of  the  regular  routine. 

4.  A  sand  bag,  weighing  about  5  pounds,  should  be  used  at  first ; 
later  a  regulation  9 -pound  hand  lead  may  be  substituted.  Boys 
that  are  strong  enough  soon  become  fair  leadsmen,  most  of  them 
being  able  to  pass  out  the  fourth  month  of  the  cruise. 

Apprentices  must  be  able  to  answer  the  following  questions: 

Lead  and  Line. 

Leads;  how  secured  to  line?       Toggle;  aprons. 
Weights.  Soundings;  how  called?    How 

Lead  line ;  length ;  how  marked?      determined  at  night? 
Marks ;  how  defined?  How  report  them  when  bottom 

Deeps ;  how  defined?  is  not  found? 

Deep-sea  Lead  and  Line. 

Length;  how  marked?  How  used? 

Thompson's  Patent  Lead. 

Describe.  How  used? 

Leads;  how  armed?  Drift  lead. 

Log. 

Reel.  How  marked? 

Chip ;  plug  and  socket.  Stray  line ;  how  used? 

Glasses ;  long  and  short.  Patent ;  taffrail ;  log ;  describe. 

Line ;  length.  Log  book. 


26  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

BOATS. 

1.  Apprentices  should  be  carefully  taught  how  to  pull,  sail, 
steer,  hook  on,  and  handle  boats  in  all  conditions  of  the  weather. 
The  pulling  boats  being  manned  and  taken  care  of  by  the  boys 
alone,  the  continuous  practice  they  receive  in  pulling  and  sail- 
ing the  running  boats  in  port  and  at  boat  exercise  soon  converts 
them  into  expert  boatmen. 

3.  Each  member  of  the  crew  should  in  turuvperform  the  duties 
of  coxswain,  and  all  be  required  to  tack,  wear,  etc. ,  and  bring  the 
boats  alongside  under  sail  and  oars. 

3.  Boat  racing  affords  excellent  opportunities  for  instruction. 
When  the  boys  are  able  to  handle  the  oars  and  sail  properly,  it 
should  be  practiced  under  the  supervision  of  the  boat  officers 
whenever  possible. 

4.  Boat  crews  under  sail  should  never  stand  except  to  step  the 
masts ;  the  sheets,  halyards,  and  brails  to  be  worked  while  sitting 
in  the  thwarts  or  from  the  bottom  of  the  boat.  Each  boy  is  to 
be  stationed  and  taught  to  do  his  own  work  first  and  to  assist 
others  afterwards.  No  boy  is  to  sit  or  stand  on  the  gunwale  at 
any  time. 

5.  The  running  boats'  crews  should  be  particularly  neat  and 
clean  in  appearance.  The  officer  of  the  deck  should  inspect 
them  in  the  gangway  after  exercise  at  quarters  and  correct  any 
faults  in  this  respect. 

Boat  Instrtictlon. 

Up  oars.  Why  feather  oars? 

Shove  off ;  get  in  fenders.  Boat  sailing : 

Let  fall.  Men-of-war  boats ;  different 

Give  way  together.  rigs. 

To  get  out  bow  oars.  Sloop  rig ;  sliding  gunter  rig. 

Lay  on  oars.  Lug  sails ;  sprit  sails. 

To  boat  bow  oars.  Step  the  masts. 

To  toss  and  boat  oars.  Shove  off ;  make  sail. 

To  trail  oars.  Shorten  sail ;  reef. 

To  back  and  hold  water.  Tack. 

Sculling.  Wear. 

To  point  the  oars.  Heave  to. 

To  salute.  Go  alongside. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


27 


Apprentices  must  explain  the  following : 


A  carvel-bnilt  boat. 
A  clincker-built  boat. 
A  diagonal-built  boat. 
Single  and  double  banked  boats. 
Oars;  material. 
Steering  oar. 

The  different  parts  of  an  oar. 
What  are  the  necessary  fittings 
of  a  boat? 


Kinds  of  boats. 

Launches. 

Barges. 

Cutters. 

Whaleboat;  lifeboats. 

Gigs. 

Dingies. 


Parts  of  a  Boat. 


Step  of  mast. 
Crutches. 
Breaker. 
Plug. 
Painter. 
Lazy  painter. 
Sea  painter. 
Anchor. 
Grapnel. 
Falls. 
Gripes. 

Steadying  lines. 
Patent  detaching  apparatus ; 
ject? 


The  gunwale. 
The  thwarts. 
The  rising. 
The  stem  sheets. 
The  fore  sheets. 
Coxswain  box. 
Back  board. 
Bottom  board. 
Rudder. 
Rudder  rope. 
Tiller. 
Yoke. 

Yoke  lines.  Patent  detaching  apparatus ;  ob- 

Rowlocks. 
Stretchers. 
Apprentices  must  be  able  to  answer  the  following  questions 


LIGHT-HOUSES. 

Various  kinds.  What  used  for. 

BUOYS. 

State  various  kinds  and  how    Gas  buoys;   whistling  and  bell 

placed.  buoys ;  mid-channel  buoys. 

What  used  for.  Beacons. 

When  does  a  buoy  watch? 

KUNNING  LIGHTS. 

Describe  running  lights ;  an-    Sailing  vessel. 

chor  lights.  Towing. 

Steamer.  Pilots. 


28  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

l^OG  SIGNALS. 

Steamer  tinder  way.  Sailing  vessel  under  way. 

Steamer  at  anchor.  Sailing  vessel  at  anchor. 

RULES  OF  THE  ROAD. 

Two    steamers    directly    ap-  One  vessel  overhauling  another ; 

proaching.  which  gives  way? 

Two  sailing  vessels  directly  ap-  Steamer  and  sailing  vessel  ap- 
proaching, proaching;  which  gives  way? 

Steamer  and  sailing  vessel  di-  Two  sailing  vessels  crossing, 

rectly  approaching.  Whistles— port ;  starboard. 


oiidi^a:n^ce  axd  gui^tn^ery. 


1.  As  ordnance  is  one  of  the  most  important  branches  in  the 
training  of  a  naval  apprentice,  comprehending  as  it  does  an 
intimate  knowledge  of  every  description  of  guns,  mounts  and 
appliances,  of  small  arms,  ammunition  and  magazines,  careful 
instruction,  both  theoretical  and  practical,  should  be  continued 
unremittingly  until  the  end  of  the  cruise. 

2.  Every  boy  should  be  taught  to  assemble  and  disassemble  all 
kinds  of  breech  mechanism,  both  in  great  guns  and  small  arms ; 
how  to  substitute  electric  for  percussion  firing  apparatus ;  and 
to  replace  broken  firing  pins,  springs,  and  extractors.  They 
should  be  required  to  do  this  individually  and  without  assistance 
until  all  are  perfectly  familiar  with  every  detail. 

3.  The  recoil  cylinders  should  be  examined,  the  guns  raised, 
and  all  parts  of  the  mount  be  frequently  overhauled  for  their 
benefit,  and  they  should  be  especially  instructed  in  the  care  and 
preservation  of  guns,  mounts,  small  arms,  tools,  and  appliances. 

4.  They  should  be  made  familiar  with  all  sorts  of  ammunition, 
powder,  primers,  fuses,  etc. ,  and  should  make  frequent  visits  to 
the  magazines  and  shell  rooms  to  learn  practically  how  ammuni- 
tion is  stowed  and  flood  cocks  fitted. 

5.  Every  opportunity  for  subcaliber,  rifle,  and  revolver  prac- 
tice should  be  taken  advantage  of ;  and  in  port,  where  circum- 
stances permit,  a  permanent  target  should  be  anchored  near  the 
ship  so  that  target  practice  can  be  carried  on  daily  if  possible. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  29 

6.  In  firing  at  target  with  great  guns,  field  guns,  and  small 
arms,  the  practice  should  be  as  deliberate  and  as  painstaking  as 
possible,  no  shots  to  be  wasted,  and  the  principle  of  pointing 
carefully  and  clearly  set  forth.  The  apprentices  should  be  well 
instructed  in  aiming  drill,  gallery  rifle  practice,  and  subcaliber 
practice  before  engaging  in  target  practice  with  great  guns,  the 
allowance  of  ammunition  at  great  gun  practice  to  be  divided 
equally  among  the  boys.  No  opportunities  for  quarterly  practice 
with  rifles  and  revolvers  for  prizes  should  be  missed. 

7.  Boys  are  apt  to  flinch  at  first  when  pulling  the  lock  string 
or  the  trigger.  This  tendency  must  be  overcome  before  any  skill 
in  marksmanship  can  be  expected. 

8.  As  a  rule,  apprentices  show  great  interest  in  ordnance  and 
gunnery  and  quickly  respond  to  instruction.  They  never  tire  of 
target  practice,  and  it  is  a  good  rule  to  preserve  and  publish  on 
the  bulletin  boards  the  individual  scores  made  from  week  to 
week  in  firing  with  the  gallery  rifle.  The  scores  at  target  prac- 
tice with  small  arms,  on  shore,  should  be  published  also.  This 
helps  to  arouse  a  spirit  of  emulation  among  the  boys ;  it  deepens 
and  increases  their  interest  and  furnishes  a  basis  for  comparison 
and  improvement. 

9.  Boys  are  proverbially  mischievous  and  destructive,  and  for 
this  reason  the  officers  in  charge  of  firing  parties  on  shore  should 
keep  a  watchful  eye  upon  the  rifles,  revolvers,  and  ammunition 
used  in  individual  target  practice.  This  can  be  best  managed 
by  taking  a  limited  number  of  rifles  and  revolvers  with  the  party 
and  keeping  those  out  of  the  hands  of  the  boys  except  when  in 
actual  use. 

10.  Boys  should  not  have  been  considered  as  having  passed  in 
Ordnance  until  they  can  make  a  score  of  36  with  the  rifle  and 
revolver — the  rifle  at  300  yards  and  the  revolver  at  30  yards — and 
36  with  gallery  rifle  at  20  yards. 

11.  In  Ordnance  as  well  as  in  Seamanship  apprentices  that  are 
well  advanced  should  be  to  a  greater  or  less  degree  exempted 
from  instruction,  so  that  more  time  can  be  given  to  those  that 
are  backward. 

12.  If  promptness,  thoroughness,  and  absolute  precision  are 
insisted  upon  from  the  start,  proficiency  in  drills  and  exercises 
will  soon  follow  and  the  task  of  the  instructor  will  be  a  pleasant 
one.     Carelessness,  inattention,  or  slipshod  methods  should  not 


30  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

be  tolerated  for  a  moment.  It  has  been  found  that  a  little  judi- 
cious punishment  has  a  marked  effect  in  stimulating  the  ignorant, 
the  lazy,  and  the  indifferent  boys.  Pressure  of  this  kind  rarely 
fails  to  awaken  them  to  the  necessity  for  improving  their 
knowledge  and  cultivating  their  opportunities.  Boys  will  work 
hard  for  an  officer  who  takes  an  individual  interest  in  their 
tasks  and  pleasures,  and  the  best  results  have  been  obtained  by 
officers  who  combine  firmness  and  resolution  with  gentleness  and 
patience. 

13.  It  would  be  well,  toward  the  end  of  the  cruise,  to  provide 
the  apprentices  with  handbooks  on  gunnery.  They  should  be 
simple  in  language  and  detail,  but  modern  and  up  to  date. 
Radford's  Handbook  in  Gunnery  would  answer  the  purpose. 

14  The  following  questions  cover  the  most  essential  details  of 
Ordnance  and  Gunnery;  sections  of  them  should  be  published 
from  day  to  day  in  the  bulletin  boards  as  lessons  to  be  prepared. 
To  pass  in  Ordnance,  apprentices  should  be  required  to  answer 
these  questions  at  the  end  of  the  cruise. 

GUNXERY. 

To  pass  in  Gunnery,  apprentices  must  be  able  to  answer  the 
following  questions : 

State  the  general  principle  on  which  guns  are  constructed. 

Sizes  of  guns  used  in  the  United  States  Navy,  B.  L.  R.  and 
R.  F.  guns. 

Material  used  in  building  guns. 

What  is  a  R.  F.  gun? 

What  is  fixed  ammunition  ? 

What  is  the  tube;  jacket;  hoops ? 

In  what  part  is  the  breech  plug  ? 

Give  name  and  sizes  of  guns  on  board  this  ship. 

How  are  they  fired  ? 

Why  are  guns  rifled  ? 

What  takes  in  the  rifling  ? 

What  is  the  ratio  of  weight  of  charge  and  projectiles  ? 

What  is  meant  by  subcaliber  target  practice  ? 

What  is  meant  by  the  caliber  of  a  gun  ? 

What  is  meant  by  the  drift  of  a  rifle  projectile  ?  How  allowed 
for  in  sighting  ? 

Steaming  at  high  speed,  are  guns  pointed  directly  at  the  tar- 
get ?    If  not,  what  allowance  is  made  for  change  of  position  V 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  31 

4-Iiicli  R.  r.  Gnus. 

Name  of  mount. 

What  kind  of  sight  is  used  ? 

Set  sights  for  different  ranges. 

What  sight  is  used  in  misty  weather  ? 

Where  must  target  be  in  telescoi)e  when  gun  is  properly  trained 
and  elevated  ? 

Replace  firing  pin  in  electric  attachment. 

Replace  firing  pin  in  percussion  attachment. 

Take  out  and  replace  extractor. 

Take  out  breech  plug,  combined  collar  and  tray,  for  overhaul- 
ing, and  replace  it. 

Take  out  training  gear  for  overhauling  and  replace  it. 

Take  out  elevating  gear  for  overhauling  and  replace  it. 

In  getting  alongside  of  dock  or  another  ship,  how  rig  in  4-incli 
gun  ?    (Describe  method  used  in  this  ship. ) 

How  raise  gun  for  overhauling  rollers  ? 

How  fill  recoil  cylinders  ? 

How  empty  recoil  cylinders  ? 

How  take  out  and  replace  recoil  springs  in  cylinders  ? 

What  are  different  causes  to  which  a  missfire  may  be  due  when 
using  electric  firing  attachment  and  ammunition  ? 

How  test  firing  battery  and  attachment  ? 

Shift  from  electric  to  percussion  firing  attachment,  and  vice 
versa.  , 

If  extractor  breaks,  how  extract  cartridge  case  ? 

Describe  hand  extractor. 

After  target  practice,  how  is  gun  cleaned  ? 

What  is  done  vnth  empty  cartridge  cases  after  target  practice  ? 

How  many  men  are  stationed  at  a  4-inch  R.  F.  gun  ? 

What  are  their  titles,  and  describe  in  general  their  duties  ? 

What  kinds  of  oil  are  used  for  cleaning  and  lubricating  pur- 
poses ? 

In  loading,  what  precaution  should  the  shell  man  take  in 
entering  the  cartridge  ? 

What  is  a  tourniquet,  and  how  apply  it  ?  In  the  absence  of  a 
tourniquet,  what  would  you  use  ? 

If  telescopic  sight  becomes  disabled,  how  sight  the  gun  ? 


32 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 


Main  Battery,   ^-Inch  R.  F.   Guns. 

"Weight  of  gun ;  how  made  and  of  what  metal  ? 

Principal  parts  of  gun : 

Tube.  Grooves. 

Jacket.  Lands. 

Breech.  Number  of  grooves. 

Mount.  Number  of  lands. 

Recoil  band. 

How  are  these  guns  secured  for  sea  ? 

What  is  a  cleaning  brush  ?   A  hand  extractor  ?    A  sponge  brush  ? 

Describe  a  tompion. 

NOMENCLATURE. 


Breech. 


Plug. 

Face  plate. 

Combined  collar  and  tray. 

Hand  lever. 

Rotating  rack. 

Hand  grasp. 

Translating  arm. 


Translating  arm  pin. 

Hinge  pin. 

Tray  latch. 

Tray  catch. 

Extractor. 

Extractor  keeper  screw. 

Es:tractor  lug. 


Electric  firing  case. 


Case. 

Firing  pin. 
Firing-pin  insulator. 


Trigger. 

Trigger  bracket. 
Trigger  spring. 
Jfleleaser. 
Releaser  spring. 


Training  rack. 
Training  shaft. 
Training  worm. 


Connecting  arm. 
Connecting-arm  insulator. 


Percussion  firing  case. 


Firing  pin. 
Firing-pin  spring. 
Sleeve  for  firing  pin. 
Firing-pin  guard. 
Cocking  lever. 


Training  mechanism. 


Training  wheels. 
Conical  rollers. 
Elevating  gear. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  33 


Elevating  gear. 

Elevating  arc. 

Elevating  spring. 

Elevating  shaft. 

Elevating  wheel. 

Elevating  worm. 

Recoil  mechanism. 

Cylinders 

Buffer  springs. 

Piston. 

Recoil  springs. 

Cylinder  heads. 

Counter-recoil  springs. 

Stuffing  boxes. 

Glycerin  and  how  used  in 

cyl 

Glands. 

inders. 
Mount. 

Saddle. 

Pivot. 

Sleeve. 

Pivot  nut. 

AMMUNITION. 

How  many  kinds  of  ammunition  ?    Describe  each. 

Weight  of  charge. 

Weight  of  projectile. 

Weight  of  fixed  ammunition. 

Weight  of  bursting  charge. 

Cartridge  case  and  primer. 

Describe  a  percussion  primer  and  an  electric  primer. 

How  distinguish  the  different  kinds  of  ammunition  when 
stowed  in  magazine  ? 

When  is  it  desirable  to  use  shrapnell  ?  When  common  shell  ? 
When  A.  P.  shell  ? 

What  kind  of  fuze  is  used  in  common  shell  ? 

What  kind  of  fuze  is  used  in  shrapnell  ?    How  set  it  ? 

What  kind  of  a  point  has  the  A,  P.  shell  ? 

What  is  a  bursting  charge  ? 

What  is  the  compression  band  ? 

Powder. 

How  many  kinds  and  general  composition  of  all  powder  ? 
Describe  the  following : 

Brown  prismatic.  Meal  powder. 

Priming  powder.  Rifle  powder. 

Smokeless  powder.  Gun  cotton. 


34  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

What  kind  of  powder  is  used  in  the  4-inch,  6-pounder,  and 
1 -pounder  ? 
What  are  the  advantages  of  smokeless  powder  ? 
What  is  meant  by  a  full  charge  ?    By  a  reduced  charge  ? 
What  kind  is  used  in  R.  F.  guns  ? 

Sights. 

Describe  telescopic  and  ordinary  sights. 
Banges. 

What  is  point-blank  and  extreme  range  on  4-inch  R.  F.  guns, 
in  yards  ? 

What  is  point-blank  and  extreme  range  on  6-pounder  D,  S. 
guns,  in  yards  ? 

What  is  point-blank  and  extreme  range  on  1 -pounder  H.  guns, 
in  yards  ? 

Magazines. 

Describe  a  magazine. 

How  is  4-inch  ammunition  stowed  and  boxed  'i 
How  is  6-pounder  ammunition  stowed  and  boxed  ? 
How  is  1 -pounder  ammunition  stowed  and  boxed  ? 
How  are  magazines  lighted  ?    How  ventilated  ? 
What  is  a  flood  cock  ? 

6-Poiindei'  I>.  S.  Guns. 

How  are  the  recoil  cylinders  filled  ? 

What  kind  of  sight  is  used  ? 

What  is  the  sliding  leaf,  and  how  use  it  ? 

What  is  a  drill  washer,  and  what  is  its  use  ? 

Does  the  6-pounder  A.  P.  shell  have  a  fuse  and  bursting 
charge  ? 

What  kind  of  fuse  is  used  in  the  6-pounder  ? 

Can  the  gun  be  brought  to  a  full  or  half  cock  without  opening 
or  closing  the  breech,  and  what  advantage  is  this  V 

Assemble  and  disassemble  breech  mechanism. 

Describe  an  electric  firing  attachment. 

Describe  a  percussion  firing  attachment. 

State  caliber  of  gun. 

Weight  of  gun  (without  shoulder  bar). 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  35 


Twist  of  rifling. 
Number  of  grooves. 
Lands. 


NOMENCLATURE. 


Breech  block.  Main  cam. 

Main  bolt.  Lever-locking  piece. 

Operating  lever.  Firing  pin. 

Guide  bolts.  •  Extractors. 

AMMUNITION. 

How  many  kinds  of  ammunition  ?    Describe  each. 

State  weight  of  charge. 

Weight  of  projectile ;  different  kinds. 

Weight  of  complete  rounds. 

Weight  of  bursting  charge. 

l-Pounder  Hptchklss  Gnus. 

State  caliber  of  gun.  Number  of  grooves. 

Weight    of    gun   (without    Lands, 
shoulder  bar). 

NOMENCLATURE. 

Breech  plug.  Cocking  cam. 

Extractors.  Stop  bolt. 

Main  spring.  Sear  spring. 

Firing  pin.  Face  plate. 

AMMUNITION. 

How  many  kinds  of  ammuni-  Weight  of  projectile. 

tion?  *  Weight  of  complete  round. 

Describe  each.  Weight  of  bursting  charge. 
Give  weight  of  charge. 

What  is  meant  by  Mark  I,  Mark  II,  Mark  III,  Mark  IV  on 
the  guns  ? 
Assemble  and  disassemble  breech  mechanism. 
Empty  recoil  cylinder,  and  then  fill  it. 
Set  the  sight  for  various  ranges. 
What  becomes  of  the  emi^ty  cartridge  cases  after  firing  ? 


36  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

What  is  a  machine  gun  ?    Kinds. 
What  is  the  Colt's  automatic  gun  ? 
What  kind  of  ammunition  does  it  use  ? 
What  is  a  Gatling  gun  ? 
What  kind  of  ammunition  does  it  use  ? 

U.  S.  i^avy  Rifle. 

Describe  U.  S.  Navy  rifle,  model  1895. 

What  is  the  caliber? 

What  kind  of  powder  is  used? 

Take  out  and  replace  extractor. 

Take  out  and  replace  firing  pin. 

Load  clip  of  cartridges. 

Lock  firing  pin  so  that  piece  will  not  fire. 

Unload  clip  of  cartridges. 

How  use  piece  for  rapid  fire? 

Set  sight  for  various  ranges. 

Shift  sling  for  "sling  arms." 

Where  is  the  cleaning  cord  kept  and  how  used? 

What  are  the  following  parts  of  the  U.  S.  Navy  rifle : 

Stock.  Front-sight  tip. 

Barrel.  Lower  band. 

Receiver.  Main  spring. 

Rear  sight.  Rear-sight  leaf. 

Bayonet.  Sear. 

Sling.  Sear  spring. 

Barrel  cover  (wood).  Breech  mechanism. 

Bolt.  Trigger  mechanism. 

Bolt  stop.  Magazine  mechanism. 

Bolt  release.  Sling  swivel. 

Cam  lever.  Sling  strap. 

Cam-lever  handle.  Stacking  swivel. 

Clip  (loading).  Trigger. 

Clip  guide.  Trigger  guard. 

Extractor.  Upper  hand. 

Extractor  spring.  Bayonet  blade. 

Elevator  spring.  Bayonet  guard. 

Firing  pin.  Bayonet  scabbard. 

Firing-pin  collar.  Bayonet-scabbard  frog. 

Firing-pin  lock. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  37 

How  many  grooves  of  rifling? 

How  many  lands? 

What  are  lands? 

How  many  twists? 

Number  of  different  parts  of  the  gun  complete. 

Weight  of  gun  with  bayonet  fixed. 

AMMUNITION. 

Number  of  pockets,  for  3  clips  each,  in  belt. 
Weight  of  loaded  belt. 

U.  S.  Xavy  Revolver. 

What  is  the  name? 

What  is  the  caliber? 

How  many  cartridges  does  it  hold? 

What  is  the  pack? 

Load  and  unload  piece. 

Piece  being  cocked,  how  unload? 


SIGISTAIjS. 


1.  All  boys  are  required  to  pass  in  this  instruction. 

2.  They  must  be  able  to  recognize  the  flags  and  penants  used 
in  the  General  Signal  Book  and  know  how  to  use  them ;  how  to 
signal,  using  the  International  Code,  and  how  to  send  and  receive 
messages  by  the  Army  and  Navy  Code,  using  either  flag,  torch, 
hand  lantern,  steam  whistle,  bell,  or  fog  horn.  They  should  be 
taught  also  how  signaling  is  done  by  the  Ardois  system. 

3.  One  of  the  advantages  of  cruising  in  company  with  other 
training  ships  is  the  opportunity  it  affords  for  practice  in  all 
kinds  of  signaling. 

4.  Colored  diagrams  of  the  signal  flags  and  pennants  should 
be  prepared  for  the  benefit  of  the  apprentices. 

5.  Practice  in  signaling,  especially  by  the  Army  and  Navy 
Code,  must  be  persevered  in  from  the  beginning  to  the  end  of  the 
cruise. 


5  MANUAL   FOR    OFFICERS. 

Apprentices  must  answer  the  following  questions : 
GENERAL  SIGNAL  CODE. 

How  are  signals  made? 

How  many  flags? 

How  many  pennants? 

How  are  general  signals  made  by  day?    By  night? 

How  are  signals  made  by  telegraphic  code? 

Boat  code? 

How  are  signals  made  by  Army  and  Navy  Code?    Cipher  code? 

How  are  signals  made  by  International  Code? 

FLAGS  AND  PENNANTS. 


Answering  pennant. 

Boat  recalls. 

Preparatory  pennant. 

Cornet. 

Interrogatory  pennant. 

Telegraph  flag. 

Numeral  pennant. 

Geographical  flag. 

Affirmative  pennant. 

Quarantine  flag. 

Negative  pennant. 

Powder  flag. 

Position  pennant. 

Pilot  flag. 

Distinguishing  pennant. 

Danger  flag. 

Meal  pennant. 

Convoy  or  guard  flag. 

Church  pennant. 

Flag  of  truce. 

Annulling  flag. 

General  Signal  1111 ;  how  made. 

Compass  flag. 

General  Signal  1222 ;  how  made. 

General  recall. 

Speed  indicators. 

Where  are  the  following  flags  hoisted : 

Presideht's  flag. 

Narrow  pennant. 

Flag  of  the  Secretary 

of  the    National  flag. 

Navy. 

Union  jack. 

Flag  of   the  Assistant 

Secre-    Battalion  flag  and  guidon. . 

tary  of  the  Navy. 

Revenue  flag. 

Admiral's  flag. 

Light-house  service  flag. 

Vice-admiral's  flag. 

Flag  at  half-mast. 

Rear-admiral's  flag. 

Union  down. 

Senior  officer's  flag. 

LIGHTS. 

Signal. 

Anchor 

Running. 

Towing. 

U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  39 

SAII.  AlfJ)   SPAR  EXERCISE. 


1.  When  all  hands  are  called  to  exercise  with  sails  and  spars, 
the  boys  stationed  aloft  should  fall -in  facing  outboard,  abreast 
the  rigging,  topgallant-yard  men  outboard,  topmen  next,  and 
the  lower-yard  men  inside  of  all.  In  this  way  the  boys  are  kept 
well  in  hand  and  the  tendency  to  straggle  while  laying  aloft  is 
jDrevented. 

2.  During  sail  exercises  the  captains  of  tops  and  light-yard 
men  alone  will  remain  aloft.  At  all  times,  except  during  the 
progress  of  an  evolution,  these  men  will  remain  in  the  tops  inside 
of  the  topmast  rigging.  The  time  of  completion  of  an  evolution 
will  not  be  recorded  while  men  are  above  tops.  Topgallant  sail 
must  be  kept  bent  with  topsail  and  courses.  When  light  yards 
are  crossed  with  their  sails,  the  gear  must  be  bent ;  and  when  in 
the  rigging  the  clews  must  be  kept  out  and  stopped  to  quarter- 
block  eyebolts.  Light  sails  will  be  bent  and  unbent  on  deck, 
swaying  the  yards  out  and  in  the  rigging  together. 

3.  There  will  be  no  "ready  men"  for  general  exercises  with 
spars  or  sails,  except  in  bending  sails. 

4.  When  an  evolution  is  completed  the  men  Avill  lay  down  from 
aloft  at  once  and  together,  Avithout  reference  to  the  flagship  or 
senior  officer's  vessel. 

5.  No  men  will  be  allowed  aloft  during  daylight  without  sig- 
nal after  8  a.  m. 

6.  The  position  i^ennant  hoisted  over  a  vessel's  distinguishing 
pennant  will  be  a  notification  that  that  vessel  is  not  properly 
Ijerforming  the  evolution  and  to  conform  to  the  motions  of  the 
flagship  or  senior  officer's  vessel. 

In  all  exercise,  of  whatever  character,  thoroughness  of  execu- 
tion and  maneuver  is  desired  rather  than  the  mere  making  of 
time.  Time  amounts  to  nothing  as  an  element  of  efficiency  unless 
backed  up  by  thoroughness  of  execution  in  every  detail  that  goes 
to  make  a  ship  of  war  an  efficient  flghting  machine. 

7.  The  following  routine  in  exercising  spars  and  sails  will  be, 
ordinarily,  carried  out ;  but  should  the  signal  of  execution  alone 
be  hoisted,  the  evolution  will  be  performed  without  regard  to 
the  flagship  or  the  senior  officer's  vessel : 


40  MANUAL   FOR    OFFICERS. 

TO  LOOSE  SAILS  TO  A  BOWLINE. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops, 
loosers  of  topgallant  sail  lay  into  the  top  with  senior  officer's 
vessel. 

Unhook  topsail  sheets ;  toggle  bowlines. 

Take  covers  off  fore-and-aft  sails. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  sail  loosers  lay  aloft  and 
loose  with  flagship  or  senior  officer's  vessel. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  let  fall,  haul  and 
hoist  away  with  flagship.  Lay  down  on  deck  at  once.  Heads  of 
spanker  and  trysail  hauled  out. 

TO  FURL  SAILS   FROM   A  BOWLINE. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  top- 
gallant yard  men  lay  into  tops  with  flagship. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  furlers  lay  aloft  and  keep 
into  the  slings. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  clew  up,  haul  down, 
lay  out  and  furl ;  hook  topsail  sheet,  and  lay  down  on  deck  at 
once. 

Put  covers  on  fore-and-aft  sails. 

TO   LOOSE  SAILS  TO  BUNTLINES. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops, 
loosers  of  the  topgallant  sail  lay  into  the  tops  with  the  flagship. 

Take  covers  off  fore-and-aft  sails. 

When  the  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  sail  loosers  lay  aloft, 
lay  out  and  loose  with  flagship. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  let  fall.  The  bunt- 
lines  and  clew  jiggers  will  be  kept  even  with  the  yards,  headsails 
spread  out  and  heads  of  spanker  and  trysail  hauled  out  two-thirds. 
Lay  down  on  deck  at  once. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  41 

TO  FURL  SAILS   WHEN   LOOSED  TO   BUNTLINES. 

"When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  and 
topgallant  yard  men  lay  into  the  tops  with  the  flagship. 

When  the  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  furlers  lay  aloft  and 
keep  into  the  slings. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  clew  up,  lay  out, 
furl,  and  lay  down  on  deck  at  once. 

Put  covers  on  fore-and-aft  sails. 

TO  MAKE  SAILS  TO  TOPGALLANT  SAILS. 

When  the  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands.  Get 
lower  booms  alongside,  unhook  topping  lifts,  top  up  spanker 
boom,  cast  adrift  ridge  ropes. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  top- 
gallant yard  men  lay  into  the  tops  with  the  flagship. 

Take  covers  off  fore-and-aft  sails. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  sail  loosers  lay  aloft,  lay 
out  and  loose  with  the  flagship. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  let  fall,  lay  down 
from  aloft,  make  sail,  brace  up  by  lee  or  port  braces  without  ref- 
erence to  flagship. 

TO  TAKE  IN   ALL  SAIL. 

When  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands.     Man  the  gear. 
When  signal  is  hauled  down,  take  in  sails  and  square  yards 
without  reference  to  the  flagship. 

TO  REEF  TOPSAILS. 

When  signal  is  understood,  man  the  gear. 

When  signal  is  hauled  down,  take  in  light  sails  and  reef  with- 
out reference  to  flagship. 

When  second  reef  is  taken,  furl  topgallant  sail. 

When  third  reef,  take  second  reef  in  courses,  furl  mizzen  top- 
sail and  spanker,  set  main  trysail. 


42  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

TO  SHIFT  TOPSAILS. 

When  signal  is  understood,  man  the  gear  for  shortening  sail, 
and  get  other  topsail  ready. 

When  signal  is  hauled  down,  take  in  light  sail,  furl  and  unbend 
topsail,  send  aloft  and  bend  other  topsail  and  make  sail  as  before, 
without  reference  to  the  flagship. 

TO  SHIFT  COURSES. 

When  signal  is  understood,  man  the  gear  of  courses,  and  get 
other  courses  ready. 

When  signal  is  hauled  down,  haul  up  courses,  furl,  unbend, 
send  aloft  others,  bend  and  set  without  reference  to  the  flagship. 

TO  SEND  UP  TOPGALLANT  MAST,  MAIN  AND  MIZZEN   TOPMASTS. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  top- 
gallant yard  men  lay  into  tops  with  flagship. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  lay  aloft,  sway  aloft  masts 
and  put  in  fids. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  launch,  set  up  back- 
stays, haul  taut  rigging,  lay  down  on  deck  at  once. 

TO  HOUSE   TOPGALLANT   MAST,  MAIN   AND  MIZZEN   TOPMASTS. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  top- 
gallant yard  men  lay  into  tops  with  flagship,  and  send  down  heel 
ropes. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  lay  aloft,  come  up  back- 
stays, sway  up  and  unfid. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  lower  away,  stop  in 
rigging,  lay  down  on  deck  at  once. 

TO   CROSS  TOPGALLANT  YARD. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  top- 
gallant yard  men  lay  into  tops  with  flagship,  and  one  man  to  each 
upper  yardarm  in  lower  rigging.  Sway  out  of  chains,  and  sway 
upper  yardarms  one  foot  above  top  rims. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  lay  aloft  and  sway  aloft. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  sway  across,  bend 
gear,  square  yards  and  lay  down  on  deck. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  43 

TO  SEND  DOWN  TOPGALLANT   YARD. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  and 
topgallant  yard  men  lay  into  tops  with  flagship  and  send  down 
yard  ropes  and  tripping  lines. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  lay  aloft,  unbend  gear,  and 
stop  out  yard  ropes. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  sway,  lower  away, 
stop  in  gear,  and  lay  down  on  deck  at  once. 

TO  SEND  UP  TOPGALLANT  MAST   AND  TOPGALLANT  YARD. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  do^vn,  captains  of  tops,  and 
topgallant  yard  men  lay  into  tops  and  lower  rigging  wdth  flag- 
ship. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  lay  aloft,  sway  aloft,  and 
fid ;  then  sway  out  of  chains  and  aloft  topgallant  yard,  set  up 
backstays. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  sway  across,  bend 
gear,  stay  masts,  square  yards  and  lay  down  on  deck. 

TO  SEND  DOWN  TOPGALLANT  YARD  AND  TOPGALLANT  MAST. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  cax^tains  of  tops,  top- 
gallant yard  men  lay  into  tops  with  flagship  and  send  down  yard 
ropes,  tripping  lines,  and  heel  ropes. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  lay  aloft,  unbend  the  gear, 
stop  out  yard  ropes,  and  come  up  backstays. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  sway  across  and  let 
fall  with  flagship,  bend  gear,  square  yards,  and  lay  dowm  on 
deck. 

The  light  sails  must  fall  as  the  yards  cross. 

TO  SEND  UP  TOPGALLANT  MAST,  CROSS  TOPGALLANT  YARD  LOOSE 

SAIL. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call'  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  and 
topgallant  yard  men  lay  into  tops  and  lower  rigging  with  flag- 
ship. 

Take  covers  off  fore-and-aft  sails. 


44  MANUAL   FOR    OFFICERS. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  sway  aloft  and  fid  masts ; 
then  sail  loosers  lay  aloft,  sway  out  of  chains  and  aloft  the  top- 
gallant yard;  lay  out  and  loose,  set  up  backstays. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  sway  across  and  let 
fall  with  flagship,  bend  gear,  stay  masts,  square  yards,  and  lay 
down  on  deck. 

TO  BEND  SAILS. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands,  get  sails 
on  deck  and  ready  for  bending. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  and 
men  stationed  to  overhaul  gear  will  lay  aloft  with  flagship  and 
overhaul  down  gear.     Get  topgallant  yard  on  deck. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hoisted,  sway  aloft  sails  and  lay 
aloft  to  the  slings  of  the  yards. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  lay  out,  haul  out, 
bring  to  furl,  get  light  yards  in  rigging,  lay  down  on  deck. 

TO  UNBEND    SAILS. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  understood,  call  all  hands. 

When  preparatory  signal  is  hauled  down,  captains  of  tops,  and 
topkeepers  lay  aloft  with  flagship.    Get  topgallant  yard  on  deck. 

When  signal  of  execution  4s  hoisted,  lay  aloft,  lay  out  and 
bend. 

When  signal  of  execution  is  hauled  down,  ease  away,  lower 
away,  stop  in  gear,  get  light  yards  in  rigging,  lay  down  on  deck. 

If  topgallant  yard  is  crossed  when  preparatory  signal  to  bend 
or  unbend  sails  is  made,  it  will  be  sent  on  deck  when  the  pre- 
paratory signal  is  hauled  down. 

Note. — A  signal  is  considered  as  hoisted  when  it  reaches  the 
truck  or  yardarm,  and  as  hauled  down  when  it  starts  to  be 
lowered. 


SHORE  LIBERTY. 


1.  Apprentices  should  be  allowed  liberty  in  foreign  ports  when- 
ever possible.  They  must  not  be  permitted,  for  obvious  reasons, 
to  remain  on  shore  later  than  sundown.  In  the  warm  climate  of 
the  West  Indies  they  should  wear  white  mustering  suits  and 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  45 

white  hats  over  woolen  underclothing.  For  spending  money 
they  are  allowed  from  50  cents  to  $1.50  in  each  port,  depending 
upon  their  conduct  report.  This  sum  is  as  much  as  they  can 
afford,  and  is  ample  for  all  purposes. 

2.  Boys  should  be  cautioned  against  drinking  spirits  while  on 
shore.     The  medical  officer  should  examine  boys  once  a  fortnight. 

3.  Church  parties  should  form  in  rank  and  march  from  the 
boats  to  church  and  return,  always  in  charge  of  an  officer. 


HYGIEXE. 


1.  While  cruising  in  the  West  Indies,  after  early  coffee  in  the 
morning  watch,  both  at  sea  and  in  port,  the  apprentices  are 
mustered  and  sent  over  the  mastheads.  If  any  show  lack  of 
activity  they  are  sent  over  a  second  time.  While  washing  down 
the  decks  they  are  again  mustered  to  receive  a  cold  shower  bath 
from  the  deck  hose.  This  is  unvariable,  and  is  always  can'ied 
out  when  the  temperature  of  the  water  is  above  65°  Fahr.  It 
has  an  excellent  tonic  effect  on  the  body  and  assures  cleanliness. 
Boys  are  also  encouraged  to  go  in  swimming  alongside  in  the 
evening  whenever  circumstances  of  weather  and  surroundings 
permit. 

2.  The  Navy  regulations  regarding  vaccination  should  be 
strictly  enforced, 

3.  The  avniings  should  be  kept  spread  as  much  as  possible  as  a 
precaution  against  the  sun's  rays  and  on  account  of  the  frequent 
showers.  Boys  should  not  be  allowed  to  sleep  on  the  deck  unless 
under  awnings.  Wet  clothing  should  be  changed  as  quickly  as 
possible,  to  avoid  danger  from  fevers. 

4.  While  in  the  West  Indies  and  similar  places  the  fruit 
allowed  each  apprentice  boy  from  the  shore  boats  should  be  of 
the  proper  quality  and  limited  in  amount,  as  this  is  a  common 
cause  of  diarrhea. 

5.  In  hot  climates  drills,  when  between  10  a.  m.  and  4  p.  m., 
should  be  conducted  under  awnings,  and  boat  drills  involving 
prolonged  exjDosure  to  the  sun  between  these  hours  should  not 
be  held  regularly. 


46  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

6.  On  account  of  the  liability  to  exposure  to  malarial  and  other 
fevers,  as  well  as  the  formation  of  dissolute  habits,  the  appren- 
tices should  be  granted  only  sundown  liberty. 

7.  Systematic  inspection  of  apprentices  by  the  medical  officer 
should  be  held  bimonthly,  or  of tener,  if  necessary. 

8.  First  Aid. — Systematic  instruction  should  be  given  in  the 
simpler  methods  of  first  aid  to  the  injured.  Instruction  on  other 
subjects  occupies  such  a  large  amount  of  the  time,  as  well  as  the 
attention  of  the  boys,  that  it  is  not  practicable  to  enter  much 
into  the  details  of  first  aid.  A  few  practical  points  which  can 
•be  easily  remembered  are  of  more  value  than  a  series  of  lectures 
on  this  subject. 

9.  The  health  officers  in  all  West  Indian  ports  are  very  strict 
in  enforcing  quarantine  regulations.  Clean  bills  of  health  should 
therefore  be  secured  in  each  case  before  leaving  port. 

10.  It  must  not  be  forgotten  that  vessels  from  the  West  Indies 
arriving  at  Southern  ports  of  the  United  States  after  April  1, 
and  at  Northern  ports  after  May  1,  are  subject  by  quarantine 
regulations  to  five  days'  detention  in  quarantine. 


THE   MESS   AISTD   PAYMASTER'S   DEPARTMEKT. 


The  regulation  ration  is  issued  to  the  boys,  three-fourths  of 
the  rations  being  issued  direct  and  one-fourth  commuted.  The 
rations  not  commuted  are  issued  directly  to  the  commissary  yeo- 
man, who  is  charged  with  the  duty  of  feeding  the  boys.  He  is 
provided  with  an  extra  storeroom  for  the  use  only  of  the  boys' 
messes ;  thus  he  is  enabled  to  manage  details  as  he  sees  fit,  and  is 
not  hampered  by  the  necessity  of  serving  out  supplies  to  the 
boys'  mess  on  the  same  day  on  which  they  are  issued  to  him. 

It  is  found  that  the  rations  issued  (three-fourths  of  the  total 
number)  make  not  more  than  two  meals  a  day ;  thus  the  money 
obtained  from  the  commuted  ration  is  applied — 

(1)  To  supplying  the  third  meal  at  sea  and  in  port. 

(2)  To  supplying  articles  not  in  the  ration  for  all  three  meals. 

Extra  bread  (in  port). 
Extra  fiour  (at  sea). 
Potatoes. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  47 

Condensed  milk  (at  sea  and  in  port). 

Canned  vegetables. 

Dried  fruit. 

Fresh  fruit. 

Baking  powder. 

Yeast. 

Hops. 

Canned  fish. 

Salt  fish. 

Dried  beans. 

Dried  pease. 

Lard  (important). 

Cheese. 

Macaroni. 

Utensils. 

Hams. 

Shoulders. 

Oatmeal. 

(3)  To  supplying  extra  bread. 

(4)  To  buying  additional  provisions  from  the  pay  department ; 
advantage  being  thus  taken  of  Government  prices. 

This  method  werks  as  well  as  could  any  method  in  a  ship  of 
this  description  and  in  a  cruise  in  the  West  Indies.  A  great  aid  to 
its  efficiency  is  the  small  additional  storeroom  alluded  to.  It 
enables  the  commissary  yeoman  to  keep  his  stores  quite  apart 
from  pay  department  stores.  It  enables  him  to  take  advantage, 
as  far  as  is  warranted  by  the  amount  of  his  income  from  com- 
muted rations,  of  New  York  prices  and  quality  of  goods,  by  pur- 
chasing such  stores  as  can  not  be  bought  to  advantage  in  the 
West  Indies. 

If  this  method  is  used,  it  will  be  found  of  great  benefit  to  take, 
at  the  beginning  of  the  cruise  as  many  tinned  vegetables  and 
tinned  tomatoes  as  can  be  stowed,  from  the  general  storekeeper, 
as  these  are  needed  in  larger  quantities  than  allowed  by  the 
ration,  and  are  better  in  quality  and  far  cheaper  in  price  than 
any  that  can  be  obtained  in  the  West  Indies.  Other  stores  will 
be  suggested  by  specific  conditions  and  by  the  character  and  size 
of  storerooms  and  the  nature  and  extent  of  the  cruise.  On  the 
handling  of  the  mess  money  perhaps  no  suggestions  are  of 
value,  except,  however,  that  as  a  matter  of  safety  the  mess, 


48  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

after  the  ship  leaves  the  United  States,  should  have  a  margin  of 
cash  on  hand  of  about  the  amount  of  its  income  for  one  month ; 
thus  long  sea  trips  can  be  provided  for  from  time  to  time  with- 
out putting  the  boys'  mess  in  debt.  The  mess,  under  an  able 
steward,  can  be  so  managed  that  contributions  from  its  members 
outside  of  the  commuted  rations  are  not  needed. 

The  effort  is,  of  course,  primarily  for  proper  cooking  and  serv- 
ing, rather  than  for  elaborate  meals.  Aside  from  limited  n^eans, 
it  is  found  that  the  apprentices  much  prefer  one  dish  that  they 
relish  to  any  attempt  at  several  dishes  in  one  meal.  This  being 
the  case,  the  cooks  should  be  disturbed  and  called  away  from 
their  work  as  little  as  possible ;  the  less  the  better.  It  is  sug- 
gested that  their  interruptions  might  be  confined  to  necessary 
and  important  general  drills,  and  that,  aside  from  these,  the  cooks 
be  under  the  charge  and  quite  at  the  disposal  of  the  commissary 
yoeman  or  steward,  if  he  is  a  competent  man.  This  is  vital  to 
the  boys  and  means  more  than  any  one  thing. 

Generally  speaking,  in  the  West  Indies,  in  English  islands, 
where  there  is  a  contractor  for  the  English  men-of-war  or  for  the 
English  troops,  such  contractor  will  generally  prove  the  most 
reliable  and  the  most  satisfactory  dealer  in  fresh  provisions. 

Canned  goods,  dried  fruits,  and  the  like  are  costly,  and  the 
purchase  should  be  avoided  and  anticipated  as  far  as  possible. 

Flour,  sugar,  rice,  beans,  oatmeal,  and  the  like  can  be  bought  at 
prices  that  are  not  unreasonable ;  and  if  storeroom  capacity  is 
small,  more  than  the  proportionate  quantity  of  the  former  class 
might  be  taken,  because  purchase  is  not  advisable,  and  less  than 
the  proportionate  quantity  in  the  latter  class  might  be  taken,  as 
they  may  be  bought  from  time  to  time ;  but  if  possible  a  full 
supply  of  all  should  be  taken. 

Condensed  milk  can  be  had  only  at  prohibitive  prices,  and  a 
full  supply  for  the  whole  cruise  should  be  taken.  This  is  more 
important,  as  it  is  used  with  many  kinds  of  food  at  sea,  and  to 
some  extent  in  cooking,  and  daily  with  coffee,  tea,  or  cocoa. 

Extra  bread  will  be  needed,  especially  in  English  West  India 
ports.  In  French  and  Spanish  ports  the  bread  is  better  and  goes 
farther. 

Most  of  the  fresh  beef  and  vegetables  are  merely  passable. 
The  terms  used  in  Table  A  refer  to  West  India  facilities,  tak- 
ing Barbados,  perhaps,  as  the  standard.     Thus  "good"  means 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  49 

good  for  the  West  Indies,  not  necessarily  good  for  the  United 
States. 

A  shortage  in  salt-water  soap  should  be  guarded  against,  and 
as  a  rule  the  supply  in  tinned  goods  in  any  one  place  is  so  lim- 
ited as  to  be  hardly  equal  to  the  demand  of  one  ship. 

All  training  ships  should  be  fitted  with  a  baking  oven  of 
approved  type  and  the  necessary  appliances  for  making  light, 
wholesome  bread,  pies,  cakes,  puddings,  gingerbread,  and  simi- 
lar delicacies.  These  latter  are  especially  relished  by  the  boys 
and  go  far  to  make  them  contented  with  ship's  fare. 

More  than  the  regulation  time  should  bo  given  for  the  boys' 
mess  gear,  as  it  is  necessary  to  serve  each  ration  separately  on 
the  tables.  Not  less  than  twenty  minutes  should  be  allowed 
for  this. 

MONEY. 

American  gold  can  be  used  in  most  of  the  islands.  The  rate 
varies  between  20s.  5d.  (§4.97)  to  20s.  9d.  ($5.04),  the  average 
being  about  20s.  6d.  (§4.99),  practically  at  par;  so  that  it  would 
seem  advisable  for  a  pay  officer  to  carry  enough  with  him  in 
American  gold  for  the  cruise,  as  he  thus  avoids  drawing  large 
bills  of  exchange.  The  men  and  officers  lose  little  or  nothing, 
and  he  can  ask  to  have  his  public  bills  rendered  in  terms  of 
United  States  money,  when  saving  will  result. 

Suppose  a  dealer  renders  a  bill  for  £5.  Ask  him  to  render  the 
same  bill  in  United  States  money  and  he  will  generally  render  it 
£5  X  §4.80,  or  §24;  but  £5  by  pay  table  at  legal  rate  is  §24.33. 
Some  paper  money  should  be  cairied  for  ports  Ijke  Kingston. 

In  Kingston  it  is  better  to  use  bills  (paper  money)  than  to  use 
gold,  since  the  merchants  remit  to  New  York  and  take  them  at 
par. 

In  St.  Thomas  and  St.  Croix  both  bills  and  gold  are  generally 
not  below  par.  At  times  there  is  a  premium  on  United  States 
gold  varying  from  1  per  cent  to  4  per  cent,  usually  about  2  per 
cent. 

In  Barbados,  St.  Thomas,  St.  Kitts,  Kingston,  and  St.  Lucia 
checks  can  be  used  in  payment  of  public  bills.  In  Kingston 
checks  are  better  to  use  than  gold. 

Pay  officers  can  obtain  funds  on  checks  in  small  quantities  from 
the  large  dealers  in  Barbados  and  Kingston ;  in  St.  Kitts  at  times 
from  De  Lisle.     Bills  of  exchange  for  larger  sums  can  be  nego- 

1031 4 


50 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 


tiated  wherever  there  is  a  branch  of  the  British  Coilonial  Bank. 
Perhaps  Barbados  is  the  best  place,  though  at  times  good  rates 
are  obtainable  in  smaller  places.  -  The  Colonial  Bank  generally 
will  not  take  our  checks  for  funds.  The  Bank  of  Nova  Scotia 
will  take  our  checks  at  par,  and  have  generally  several  thousand 
dollars  to  spare  (Kingston). 

CLOTIIIXG  A]S"I>  SMAT.L  STORES. 

Apprentices  use  about  double  the  quantity  that  men  use,  espe- 
cially a  quadruple  supply  of  lanyards,  a  double  supply  of  necker- 
chiefs, and  a  triple  supply  of  knives. 

Of  white  hats  only  a  small  number  of  any  size  less  than  7  is 
found  useful ;  the  majority  use  Nos.  7,  7^,  or  7|-. 

In  case  a  supply  of  working  clothes  somewhat  larger  than  the 
ordinary  supply  can  not  be  taken,  extra  quantities  of  drill 
(bleached)  should  be  taken. 

A  certain  proportion  of  sizes  smaller  than  the  regulation  sizes 
is  advisable  in  blue  mustering,  white  mustering,  and  white 
working  clothes.  If  there  is  not  time  to  have  these  made  so  as 
to  fit  the  smaller  boys,  then  extra  drill,  heavy  flannel,  and  trou- 
sers cloth  should  be  provided  to  meet  the  deficiency. 

Measurements  of  the  present  crew  of  apprentices,  somewhat 
smaller  boys  than  the  average,  indicate  the  following  proportions : 


^"^berof               Size  of  trousers. 

Number  of 
boys. 

Size  of  jumpers. 

5 

20 

3 

17 

17. 

8 

3 - 

8... 

19 

No.  2. 

No.  4. 
No.  5. 
No.  6. 
No.  7. 
No.  8. 
No.  9. 
No.  10. 

(*) 

5 

5. 

10 

20 

60 

No.3e. 
No.4e. 
No.5e. 
No.  6e. 

(*) 

*Size  smaller  than  any  regulation  size.     Three  sizes  might  well  be  made. 

That  is  to  say,  the  ordinary  assortment  of  sizes  is  not  suitable. 


U.  S.  CRUISINO  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


51 


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53  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS, 

DAILY  BILL,  OF  FARE. 

The  table  on  page  53  gives  the  daily  bill  of  fare  served  to  the 
apprentices  on  the  Annapolis  during  the  winter  cruise  of  1898-99. 
It  shows  the  dishes  served  each  meal  for  the  month  of  October 
in  home  ports  and  waters  and  for  the  month  of  December  in 
West  Indian  ports  and  waters. 

It  will  be  seen  that  by  commuting  one  quarter  of  the  rations, 
the  method  allowed  by  the  Department,  a  great  variety  of  dishes 
is  possible.  It  was  found  also  that  there  was  an  abundance  of 
food,  enough  to  satisfy  the  sharp  appetites  of  seventy-two 
healthy,  hungry  boys. 

It  must  be  added  that  good  management,  economy,  foresight, 
and  careful  supervision  are  necessary  to  produce  satisfactory 
results.  Much  depends  upon  the  knowledge  and  skill  of  the  com- 
missary yeoman. 

It  is  of  course  unnecessary  to  dwell  upon  the  importance  of  a 
good  table.  Nothing  conduces  more  to  the  contentment  and  good 
health  of  the  boys,  two  factors  which  bear  most  directly  upon 
the  success  of  the  cruise. 

The  bumboat  is  a  very  important  institution  and  one  much 
appreciated  by  the  boys.  The  bumboat  man  should  be  required 
to  furnish  articles  suitable  to  their  tastes  and  wants.  A  very 
careful  supervision  must,  however,  be  exercised  over  this  func- 
tionary, as  he  is  apt  to  accept  articles  of  clothing,  knives,  etc., 
in  exchange  for  his  stock  in  trade. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


53 


Bill  of  fare  of  apprentices'  mess,  U.  S.  S.  Annapolis,  third  rate, 
in  United  States  ports  and  waters,  October,  1899. 


Date. 

Breakfast.            i               Dinner. 

Supper. 

Oct.  1,  in  i)ort : 

Fried  eggs  and  bacon. 
Corn  bread. 
CofiTee. 

Roast  beef. 
Mashed  potatoes. 
Sliced  tomatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Boiled  ham  (cold). 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  2,  in  port : 

Baked  beans. 
Fresh  bread  and  but- 
ter. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
Boiled  potatoes. 
Fresh  bretid. 
Coffee. 

Rice  pudding, 
.lelly 

Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  3,  in  port : 

Hamburger  steak. 
Fried  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Boiled  ham. 
Cabbage. 
Boiled  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Boiled  sausage. 
Cheese. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  4,  in  port : 

Oatmeal  and  milk.         Boast  beef. 
Fresh  bread  and  but-     Mashed  potatoes. 

ter.                                 Fresh  bread. 
Coffee.                             1  Coffee. 

Clam  chowder. 
Crackers. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  5,  at  sea  : 

Fresh  beef  stew. 
Corn  bread. 
Coffee. 

Boiled  fish. 
Boiled  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Cold  meat. 
Fried  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  6,  at  sea : 

Frankfurt  sausage. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Corned  beef. 
Cabbage. 
Boiled  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Gingerbread. 
Jelly. 

Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 
Tea. 

Oct.  7,   at  navy 
yard: 

Fried  fish. 
Potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
Potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Beef  stew. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Note.— Sugar  and  milk  are  served  with  all  coffee  and  tea. 


54 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 


Bill  of  fare  of  apprentices'  mess  at  navy  yard,  New  York,  and 
Tompkinsville,  S.  I. 


Date. 

Breakfast. 

Dinner. 

Supper. 

Oct.  8,  at  navy 
yard,    New 
York: 

Fried  fish. 
Boiled  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread  and  but- 
ter. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
Cabbage. 
Mashed  potatoes. 
Coffee. 
Fresh  bread. 

Cold  meat. 
Cold  ham. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  9,  at  navy 
yard: 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Apples. 

Fresh  bread  and  but- 
ter. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Baked  potatoes. 
Lima  beans. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Rice  pudding. 
Jelly. 

Fresh  bread  and  but- 
ter. 
Tea. 

Oct.  10,  at  navy 
yard: 

Bread,  butter. 
Fried  eggs. 
Coffee. 

Pot  roast  (beef). 
String  beans. 
Boiled  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Baked  beans  and  pork. 
Fresh  bread  and  but- 
ter. 
Tea. 
Apples. 

Oct.  11,  at  navy 
yard: 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Coffee. 
Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 

Bean  soup. 
Salt  pork. 
Bread  pudding. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Bologna. 
Fresh  bread. 
Fried  potatoes. 
Apples. 
Tea. 

Oct.  12,  at  navy 
yard: 

Corned  beef  hash. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Fresh  boiled  beef. 
Potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Potato  salad. 
Salt  herrings. 
Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 
Apples. 
Tea. 

Oct.  13,  at  navy 
yard: 

Pork  and  beans. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Mashed  potatoes. 
Sliced  tomatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Rice  pudding. 
Butter. 
Tea. 

Fresh  bread  and  but- 
ter. 

Oct.  14,  at  navy 
yard: 

Fresh  beef  stew. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Baked  stuffed  codfish. 
Green  peas. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Gingerbread. 
Apples. 
Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 
Tea. 

Oct.  15,  at  navy 
yard: 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Lima  beans. 
Mashed  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Macaroni  and  cheese. 

Fresh  broad. 

Tea. 

Apples. 

Note.— Sugar  and  milk  are  served  with  all  coffee  and  tea. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


55 


Bill  of  fare  of  apprentices'  mess  at  navy  yard,  New  York,  and 
Tompkinsville,  S.  I. — Continued. 


Date. 

Breakfast. 

Dinner. 

Supper. 

Oct.  16,  at  navy 
yard : 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Lima  beans. 
Potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 

Bologna  sausage. 
Fresh  bread. 
Fried  potatoes. 
Tea. 

Oct.  17,  at  navy 
jard: 

Beef  stew. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
Green  peas. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Beef  hash. 
Apples. 
Bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  18,  at  navy 
yard: 

Herrings. 
Fresh  bread. 
Rice. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 

Sliced  fresh  tomatoes. 

Boiled  potatoes. 

Fresh  bread. 

Coffee. 

Gingerbread. 
Apples. 

Fresh  bread  and  but- 
ter. 
Tea. 

Oct.  19,  in  port, 
Tompkinsville: 

Fried  steak. 
Potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Boiled  ham. 
String  beans. 
Potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Fish  balls. 
Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 
Tea. 

Oct.  20,  in  port: 

Boiled  eggs.' 
Corn  bread. 
Coffee. 

Beefsteak  pie. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Bread  pudding. 
Stewed  prunes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  21,  in  port: 

Fried  fish. 
Boiled  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Gingerbread. 
Jelly. 

Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  22,  in  port: 

Fresh  beef  stew. 
Hard  biscuits. 
Coffee. 

Bean  soup. 
Rice  pudding. 
Biscuits. 
Coffee. 

Macaroni. 
Cheese. 
Apples. 
Hot  biscuits. 
Tea. 

Oct.  23,  in  port: 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Hot  biscuits. 
Butter. 
Coffee. 

Roast  ])eef. 
Mashed  potatoes. 
Green  peas. 
Biscuits. 
Coffee. 

Bologna  sausage. 
Cold  ham. 
Biscuits. 
Tea. 

Note. — Sugar  and  milk  are  served  with  all  coffee  and  tea. 


56 


MANUAL  FOK    OFFICERS. 


Bill  of  fare  of  apprentices'  mess  at  navy  yard,  New  York,  and 
Tompkinsville,  S.  I. — Continued, 


Date. 

Breakfast. 

Dinner. 

Supper. 

Oct.  24,  in  port: 

Beef  hash. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
String  beans. 
Biscuits. 
Coffee. 

Herring  salad. 
Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 
Tea. 

Oct.  25,  in  port: 

Herrings. 
Potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Green  peas. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Fresli  bread. 
Coffee. 

Boiled  rice. 

Molasses. 

Tea. 

Fresh  bread. 

Butter. 

Apples. 

Oct.  26,  in  port: 

Fresh  beef  hash. 

Coffee. 

Fresh  bread. 

Canned  ham. 
Lima  beans. 
Boiled  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Gingerbread. 
Jelly. 

Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Oct.  27,  in   port 
and  at  sea: 

Baked     beans     and 

pork. 
Fresli  bread. 
Coffee. 

Roast  mutton. 
Stewed  tomatoes. 
Mashed  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Macaroni  and  cheese. 

Tea. 

Fresh  bread. 

Oct.  28,  at  sea: 

Fish  hash. 
Coffee. 
B  scuits. 

I 

Cold  salt  beef. 
Lima  beans  and  cat- 
sup. 
Mustard. 
Biscuits. 
Coffee. 

Boiled  rice  and  rai 

Biscuits. 

Tea. 

sins. 

Oct.  29,  at  sea: 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Coffee. 
Biscuits, 
Butter. 

Bean  soup. 
Plum  pudding. 
Biscuits. 
Coffee. 

Herring  salad. 

Tea. 

Hot  biscuits. 

Oct.  30,  at  sea: 

Herrings. 
Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Stewed  tomatoes. 
Fried    potatoes    and 

onions. 
Biscuits  and  coffee. 

Boiled  rice   and 

lasses. 
Soft  bread. 
Tea. 

mo- 

Oct.  31,  at  sea: 

Mutton  stew. 

Biscuits. 

Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Peas. 

Lima  beans. 
Boiled  potatoes. 

Gingerbread. 
Jelly. 

Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Note.  —Sugar  and  milk  are  served  with  all  coffee  and  tea. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS. 


57 


Bill  of  fare  of  apprentices'  mess  in  West  Indian  ports  and  waters, 
December,  1898. 


Date.           1            Breakfast. 

Dinner. 

Supper. 

Dec.  1,  in  port : 

Beef  hash. 
Fresh  bread 
Oranges. 
Coflfee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Roast  beef. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Lima  beans. 
Fresh  bread. 

Cold  meat. 
Potato  salad. 
Bread. 
Bananas. 
Tea. 

Dec.  2,  in  port : 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Salt  codfish  and  cream 

?auce. 
Stewed  tomatoes. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Boiled  rice  and    mo- 
lasses. 
Fresh  bread. 
Bananas. 
Tea. 

Dec.  3,  in  port : 

Smoked  herrings. 
Bananas. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef  (fresh). 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Lima  beans. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Corn  cake. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Tea. 

Dec.  4,  in  port : 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Cold  ham. 
Potatoes, 
String  beans. 
Sago  pudding. 
Oranges. 
Fresh  bread. 

Bread  and  batter. 

Jelly. 

Bananas. 

Tea. 

Dec.  5,  in  port : 

Stewed  beef. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Oranges  and  bananas. 
Fresh  bread. 

Gingerbread  and  but- 
ter. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Tea. 

Dec.  6,  at  sea : 

Baked  beansAud  pork. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Lima  beans. 
Mashed  potatoes. 
Bananas. 
Coffee. 

Cold  roast  beef. 
Potato  salad. 
Fresh  bread. 

Dec.  7,  at  sea  : 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresli  bread. 
Coffee. 

Sea  pie. 

Swct't  potatoes. 
Omnges. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Boiled    rice  and  mo- 
lasses. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Dec.  8,  at  sea  : 

Smoked  herrings. 
Fresh  bread  and  but- 
ter. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Bean  soup. 

Plum    pudding    and 

lemon  sauce. 
Hard  bread. 

Hot  biscuits. 
Jelly, 
Batter. 
Tea. 

Note— Sugar  and  milk  are  served  with  all  coffee  and  tea. 


58 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 


Bill  of  fare  of  apprentices'  mess  in  West  Indian  ports  and  waters, 
December,  1898 — Continued. 


Date. 

Breakfast. 

Dinner. 

Supper. 

Dec.  9,  at  sea : 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Cold  ham,  mustard. 
Green  peas. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Hard  bread  and  butter. 
Coffee. 

Corn     pudding      and 

lemon  sauce. 
Tea. 

Dec.  10,  in  port: 

Baked  beans. 
Hot  biscuits. 
Butter. 
Coffee. 

Potpie,  baked. 
Stewed  tomatoes. 
Hard  bread. 
Coffee. 

Corned  beef  hash. 
Hot  biscuits. 
Tea. 

Dec.  11,  in  port: 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Hot  biscuits. 
Coffee. 

Fresh  roast  beef. 
Lima  beans. 
Mashed  potatoes. 
Apple  pie. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Cold  beef. 
Fried  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 

Dec.  12,  in  port: 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
Potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Sago  pudding. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Tea. 

Dec.  13,  in  port: 

Corned  beef  hash. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Green  peas. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Gingerbread. 
Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 
Oranges. 
Tea. 

Dec.  14,  in  port: 

Beef  stew. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Sago  pudding. 
Oranges. 
Fresh  bread. 

Meat  balls. 
Fried  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Dec.  15,  at  sea: 

Smoked  herrings. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Bean  soup. 
Plum  pudding. 
Lemon  sauce. 
Fresh  bread. 

Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 
Cake. 
Tea. 

Dec.  16,  at  sea: 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Hot  biscuits. 
Butter. 
Coffee. 

Beef  pie. 
Lima  beans. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Coffee. 

Sago  pudding. 
Hot  biscuits. 
Oranges. 
Tea. 

Note.— Sugar  and  milk  are  served  with  all  coffee  and  tea. 


U.  S.  CRUISING    TRAINING  SHIPS. 


59 


Bill  of  fare  of  apprentices'  mess  in  West  Indian  ports  and  ivaters, 
December,  1898— Continued. 


Date. 

Breakfast. 

Dinner. 

Supper. 

Dec.  17,  in  port: 

Corned  beef  hash. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

"V  egetable  soup. 
Stewed  beef. 
Fresh  bread. 
Potatoes. 
Oranges. 

Meat  balls. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Te.. 

Dec.  18,  in  port: 

Baked  beans  and  pork. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Roast  beef  (fresh). 
Green  peas. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Squash  pie. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Cora  cake. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Tea. 

Dec.  19,  in  port: 

Smoked  herrings. 
Fresb  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
Lima  beana. 
Fresh  bread. 

Fish  balls. 
Fried  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Dec.  20,  at  sea : 

'  Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Cold  corned  beef. 
Stewed  tomatoes. 
Boiled  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Rice  pudding. 
Fresh  bread. 
Butter. 
Tea. 

Dec.  21,  at  sea : 

Corned  beef  hash. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Beef  pie. 
Lima  beans. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Gingerbread. 
Hot  biscuits. 
Butter. 
Tea. 

Dec.  22,  at  sea  : 

Beef  stew. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Bean  soup.. 

Plum    pudding    and 

lemon  sauce. 
Fresh  bread. 

Meat  balls. 
Tomato  sauce. 
Hot  biscuits. 
Tea. 

Dec.  23,  in  port : 

Baked  beans. 
Hard  biscuits. 
Coffee. 

Meat  loaf. 
Green  peas. 
Hard  biscuit. 
Potatoes. 
Coffee. 

Salmon  salad. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Dec.  24,  in  port : 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges  and  bananas. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 

Rice  and  molasses. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Note. — Sugar  and  milk  are  served  with  all  coffee  and  tea. 


60 


MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 


Bill  of  fare  of  apprentices'  mess  in  West  Indian  ports  and  waters, 
December,  1898 — Continued. 


Uate. 

Breakfast. 

Dinner. 

Supper. 

Dec.  25,  in  port : 

Beef  stew. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Roast  turkey. 

Cold  ham,  cranberry 
sauce. 

Baked    sweet     pota- 
toes. 

Boiled  onions. 

Apple  pie. 

Nuts,  candy,  raisins, 
bananas,  lemonade. 

Cold  meat. 
Potato  salad. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Dec.  26,  in  port : 

Smoked,  herrings. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Boast  beef  (fresh). 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Gingerbread. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Tea. 

Dec.  27,  in  port: 

Baked  beans. 
Fresh  bread. 
Oranges. 
Coffee. 

Vegetable  soup. 
Boiled  beef. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 

Rice  pudding. 
Bananas. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Dec.  28,  in  port: 

Corned  beef  hash. 
Fresh  bread. 
Bananas. 

Coffee. 

Bean  soup. 

Baked  rice  pudding. 

Fresh  bread. 

Lemonade. 

Oranges. 

Fresh  bread. 
Stewed  apples. 
Cake  and  tea. 

Dec.  29,  in  port: 

Oatmeal  and  milk. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Fresh  roast  beef. 
String  beans. 
Sweet  potatoes. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Cornstarch  pudding. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Dec.  30,  in  port: 

Beef  stew. 
Fresh  bread. 
Coffee. 

Ham  sandwiches. 
Cakes. 
Bananas. 
Coffee. 
(Target  practice.) 

Hot  roast  beef  (fresh). 
Mashed  potatoes. 
Lima  l)eans. 
Fresh  bread. 
Tea. 

Note. — Sugar  and  milk  are  served  with  all  coffee  and  tea. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINi!m\skR»SA^p^^  61 

PUXISHMEXT  X^jy  DEMERIT   SCHEDUtiE. 


One  hundred  demerits:  No  leave  at  end  of  cruise. 
One  demerit :  One  hour  extra  duty. 

Ten  demerits  in  one  month :  Deprivation  of  liberty  two  weeks. 
Twenty  demerits  in  one  month:   Deprivation  of  liberty  one 
month. 

Deprivation  of  liberty  and  money  one  month  for  any  of  the 
following  offenses : 
Profanity. 
Lying. 

Asleep  on  post. 

Having  clothing  of  another  in  his  possession. 
Disobedience  of  orders. 
Three  days'  solitary  confinement  and  ten  demerits  for  any  of 
the  following  offenses : 

Asleep  on  gun  deck,  watch  on  deck. 
Turning  in  hammock,  watch  on  deck. 
Drunk  or  tight  from  liberty. 
Insubordination  or  disrespect. 
Five  days'  confinement  and  twenty  demerits  for  any  of  the  fol- 
lowing offenses : 

Drunkenness. 
Theft. 

Striking  or  attempting  to  strike  a  petty  officer. 
Demerits  given  for  any  of  the  following  offenses : 

One  demerit Tardiness ;  untidiners ;  out  of  uniform ;  clothes 

in  lucky  bag. 

Two  demerits Inattention;  talking  or  skylarking  in  ranks; 

absence  from  formation  or  station  aloft. 
Three  demerits. -.Playing  cards  or  smoking  out  of  hours;  going 
to  bag  without  permission;  dirty  clothing 
or  bedding;  talking  after  tattoo ;  torn  or  un- 
marked clothing. 

Four  demerits Slow  in  obeying  calls. 

Five  demerits Obscene  language;  spitting  on  deck. 


62  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

Six  demerits Neglect  of  duty ;  exchanging,  borrowing,  lend- 
ing, or  selling  clothing ;  disrespectful  to  a 
petty  officer. 

Seven  demerits.. -Losing  or  destroying  Government  property, 
including  library  books. 

Eight  demerits ---Lying;  having  property  of  another  in  posses- 
sion; fighting. 

Nine  demerits Smoking  cigarettes ;  filthy  clothing ;  dirty  per  - 

son. 

Ten  demerits Disregard  of  orders;  injury  to  the  person  of 

another ;  below  without  permission,  watch 
on  deck. 
Double  number  of  demerits  for  repetition  of  the  same  offense. 
In  addition  to  the  number  of  demerits  given  for  losing  or 

exchanging  clothing,  those  apprentices  who  trade  or  sell  their 

jackknives,  white  hats,  or  any  other  article  of  their  effects,  to 

the  bumboat  man  or  any  other  person  will  have  the  price  of  the 

article  deducted  from  their  liberty-money  allowance  and  be 

required  to  purchase  new  knives,  etc. 

PUNISHMENTS   FOR   OVERSTAYING  LEAVE. 

Less  than  two  hours :  Second-conduct  class. 
Two  hours  and  less  than  eight:  Third-conduct  class. 
Over  eight  hours:  Fourth-conduct  class  and  three  to  five  days' 
solitary  confinement. 

NOTE. 

One  of  the  objects  of  cruising  training  ships  visiting  foreign 
ports  is  that  the  apprentices  may  acquire  added  interest  in  their 
calling,  and  at  the  same  time  gain  information  that  will  increase 
their  general  knowledge  about  foreign  countries  and  their  people. 

Therefore,  whenever  the  conduct  of  apprentices  is  such  as  to 
deprive  them,  under  the  rules,  of  liberty  on  shore  granted 
apprentices,  the  commanding  officer  will  send  such  apprentices, 
not  in  actual  confinement,  on  shore,  in  charge  of  a  petty  officer, 
to  visit  the  principal  objects  of  interest,  and  then  to  be  brought 
back  on  board  ship. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  63 


KOUTIIN^E  OF  DRILiIiS. 


First  division 

Second  division.. 
Third  division  . . . 
Powder  division  . 
Engineer's  division  ^ 


MONDAY. 

9.30  to  10.30  a.  m. 

First,  second,  and  third  Mondays:  Sail 
drill.  Fourth  Monday:  Spar  drill.  In 
port :  Boat  drill  under  sails  or  oars. 

11  to  11.30  a.  m. 


First  division Anchors:   Secure;  let  go;   pass  stoppers; 

mark  chain ;  mooring  and  unmooring. 

Second  division Leads,  log  lines,  sounding  machine :  Expla- 
nation of  their  uses.  Running  rigging : 
How  rove  off.  Blocks:  Different  kinds 
and  use. 

Third  division Standing  rigging  of  a  ship:   Practice  in 

rattling  down;  parceling,  worming,  and 
serving. 

Powder  division Ship's  duties. 

Engineer's  division  ..Ship's  duties. 

1.30  to  2.20  p.  m. 

First  division .Aiming    drill;    gallery    rifle;    subcaliber 

practice. 

Second  division Signals,  telegraphic  and  international. 

Third  division Signals,  Army  and  Navy  Code. 

Powder  division Rifles :  Manual  of  arms. 

Engineer's  division  ..Ship's  duties. 

Evening  quarters. 

All  divisions In  port:  Setting  up  drill.     At  sea :  Reefing 

courses  and  topsails. 


64  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

TUESDAY. 

9.30  to  10.30  a.  m. 

First  division "^ 

Second  division.  _ .      Company,   artillery,    and  battalion  drills. 
Third  division )■     Fourth  Tuesday  of  month :  Equip  bat- 
Powder  division  .  _  |      talion  in  heavy  marching  order. 
Engineer's  division  J 


11  to  11.30  a.  m. 


First  division Topgallant  yard  and  sail  drill. 

Second  division Anchors :    Secure ;   let  go ;   pass  stoppers ; 

mark  chain ;  mooring  and  unmooring. 

Third  division Leads,  log  lines,  sounding  machine :  Expla- 
nation of  their  uses.  Running  rigging : 
How  rove  off.  Blocks :  Different  kinds 
and  use. 

Powder  division Ship's  duties. 

Engineer's  division  ..Ship's  duties. 

1.30  to  2.20  p.  m. 

First  division Signals,  Army  and  Navy  Code. 

Second  division Aiming    drill;     gallery    rifle;     subcaliber 

practice. 

Third  division. Signals,  telegraphic  and  international. 

Powder  division Pistols. 

Engineer's  division  ..Rifles:  Manual  of  arms. 

Evening  quarters. 

All  divisions --' In  port:  Setting-up  drill.     At  sea:  Reefing 

courses  and  topsails. 

"Wednesday. 

9.30  to  10.30  a.  m. 

First  division "| 

Second  division .- -  i  ^.  ^  „.  .       ;,  •■„       ,      j     . 

Third  division  I  quarters ;  collision  drill ;  abandoning 

Powder  division  - .         s  ip. 
Engineer's  division , 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  65 


11  to  11.30  a.  111. 


First  division Leads,  log  lines,  sounding  machine :  Expla- 
nation of  their  uses.  Running  rigging; 
How  rove  off.  Blocks:  Different  kinds 
and  use. 

Second  division Topgallant  yard  and  sail  drill. 

Third  division  _ Anchors :    Secure ;    let  go ;    pass  stoppers ; 

mark  chain ;  mooring  and  unmooring. 

Powder  division Ship's  duties. 

Engineer's  division  ..Ship's  duties. 

1.30  to  2.20  p.  m. 

First  division Second,  fourth,  and  fifth  Wednesdays  of 

month:  Compass,  barometer,  thermome- 
ter, chronometer.  First  and  third 
Wednesdays  of  month :  Pistols. 

Second  division Signals,  Army  and  Navy  Code. 

Third  division Aiming  drill;  gallery  rifle;  subcaliber. 

Powder  division Ship's  duties. 

Engineer's  division .  .Stations  and  instructions  at  great  guns. 

Evening  quarters. 

All  divisions __ In  port:  Setting-up  drill.     At  sea:  Reefing 

courses  and  topsails, 

Thnrsday. 

9.30  to  10.30  a.  m. 
First  division 
Second  division . 


First  Thursday  of  the  quarter :   Clear  ship 
Third^ivision  ^     ^^^  action  and  target  practice.     General 

Powder  division       i      quarters  and  theoretical  instruction  in 
Engineer's  division  J      o^^^^nce  and  gunnery. 
11  to  11.30  a.  VI. 

First  division Standing  rigging  of  a  ship :  Practice  in  rat- 
tling down ;  parcelling ;  worming ;  serv- 
ing. 

Second  division Fore-and-aft  sails:      Loose;    furl;     bend; 

unbend. 

1031 5 


bb  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

Third  division Topgallant  yard  and  sail  drill. 

Powder  division Ship's  duties. 

Engineer's  division  __  Ship's  duties. 

1.30  to  2.20  p.  m. 

« 

First  division ___  Signals,  telegraphic  and  international. 

Second  division First,  third,  and  fifth  Thursdays  of  month : 

Compass,  barometer,  thermometer,  chro- 
nometer. Second  and  fourth  Thursdays : 
Singlesticks. 

Third  division. Second,   fourth,   and    fifth    Thursdays    of 

month:  Signals,  Army  and  Navy  Code. 
Second  and  fourth  Thursdays  of  month : 
Singlesticks. 

Powder  division Infantry  drill. 

Engineer's  division  __  Gallery  rifie. 

Evening  quarters. 

All  divisions  .. In  port:  Setting-up  drill.     At  sea:  Reefing 

courses  and  topsails. 

FRIDAY. 

9.30  to  10.30  a.  m. 


First  division 

Second  division  .  _  _ 

Third  division 

Powder  division  ._ 
Engineer's  division 


In  port — Boat  drill.  First,  second,  and  third 
Fridays:  Fleet  tactics.  Fourth  Friday: 
Arm  and  away  all  boats. 

At  sea — First  Friday :  Spar  drill.  Second, 
third,  fourth,  and  fifth  Fridays :  Sail  drill. 

11  to  11.30  a.  m. 


First  division Fore-and-aft  sails:  Loose;  furl;  bend;  un- 
bend. 

Second  division Standing,  rigging  of  a  ship :  Practice  in  rat- 
tling down ;  parceling ;  serving. 

Third  division Fore-and-aft  sails :  Loose ;  furl ;  bend ;  un- 
bend. 

Powder  division Ship's  duties. 

Engineer's  division. -Ship's  duties. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  67 

1.30  to  2.20  p.  m. 

First  division First,   third,   and  fifth  Fridays:    Signals, 

Army  and  Navy  Code.    Second  and  fourth 

Fridays:  Pistols. 
Second  division Second,  fourth,  and  fifth  Fridays :  Signals, 

Army  and  Navy  Code.     First  and  third 

Fridays:  Pistols. 
Third  division First,  third,  and  fifth  Fridays:   Compass, 

barometer,    thermometer,   chronometer. 

Second  and  fourth  Fridays :  Pistols. 

Powder  division Gallery  rifle. 

Engineer's  division. -Pistols. 

Evening  quarters. 

All  divisions In  port :  Setting-up  drill.     At  sea :  Reefing 

courses  and  topsails. 

SATURDAY. 

Moiming. 

All  divisions -General  cleaning;  all  hands  air  bedding; 

inspection  of  bedding ;  inspection  of  ap- 
prentices' bags. 

Afternoon. 

All  divisions Black  ironwork ;  half  holiday ;  mending. 

Evening  quarters. 

All  divisions In  port:   Setting-up  drill.     At  sea:   Reef 

courses  and  topsails. 

SUNDAY. 

9.20  a.  m. 

All  divisions Preliminary  inspection  of  ship  by  executive 

officer. 

9.30  a.  m. 

All  divisions Inspection  at  quarters  of  ship  and  crew  by 

the  commanding  officer. 


68  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

10  to  11  a.  m. 
All  divisions Divine  service. 

All  hands First  Sunday  of  month:  General  muster. 

Third  Sunday  of  month :  Articles  of  war. 

Afternoon. 

All  divisions _-. Evening  quarters  at  sea. 

Note. — When  more  than  three  gun  divisions,  the  fourth  divi- 
sion same  exercise  as  first ;  the  fifth  same  as  second ;  the  sixth 
same  as  third.     , 

STATED  DRILLS  ATSD  INSTRUCTION^. 

DAILY. 

Up  and  over  masthead  at  early  daylight. 
Shower  bath  with  wash-deck  hose. 
Swimming  every  day,  if  practicable. 
Setting-up  drill  at  evening  quarters  in  port. 

WEEKLY. 

Instruction  in  Myers'  Code  Signals ;  bell ;  whistle. 
Instruction  in  Rules  of  Road. 
Instruction  as  to  parts  of  hull,  build  of  ship,  etc. 
Instruction  in  stowage  and  construction  of  magazines. 

SEMIMONTHLY. 

Questions  and  stations  at  "All  hands." 

Shift:    Apprentice   signal   boys;  quartermasters;   coxswains; 
messengers ;  corporals  of  the  guard ;  orderlies. 
Exercise  at  heaving  lead  from  boats  and  finding  soundings. 
Carry  out  kedge  and  stream  anchors. 

MONTHLY. 

Instruction  in  engine  room  of  parts  and  description  of  engines. 
Lectures  on  hygiene  by  surgeon  of  ship. 

BIMONTHLY. 

Change  stations  in  different  parts  of  the  ship ;  divisions,  etc. 
Night  fire  quarters  and  general  quarters. 
Exercises  at  "Man  overboard." 


U.  S.  CRUISING   TRAINING  SHIPS. 


AT  SEA. 


When  weather  is  favorable,  watch  on  deck  will  be  exercised  at 
loosing  and  furling. 

When  practicable,  watch  on  deck  will  be  exercised  at  heaving 
lead  from  chains. 

IN   PORT. 

Mondays,  Wednesdays,  and  Fridays,  loose  and  furl  sail ;  to  be 
performed  as  a  general  evolution. 

CLEANING  ROUTINE. 

Scrub  clothes  every  day  at  sea,  except  Saturday  and  Sunday. 
In  port :  Scrub  clothes  Mondays,  Wednesdays,  and  Fridays. 
Thursday :  Clean  boats  and  boat  gear. 
Friday :  Overhaul  pumps  and  battery. 

First  Monday  of  month :  Serve  out  clean  hammocks  and  bags. 
First  Tuesday  of  month :  Scrub  hammocks  and  bags. 
First  and  third  Wednesdays :  Scrub  mattress  covers. 
First  and  fourth  Tuesdays :  Scrub  windsails  and  sail  covers. 


PORTS  VISITED   DURHSTG  WIIs^TER  CRIHSE. 


BARBADOS,  AV.  I. 

Bridgetown,  the  capital,  situated  on  Carlisle  Bay,  is  from  its 
windward  position  generally  selected  for  the  first  port  in  the 
itinerary  of  the  winter  cruise.  The  frequent  mails,  the  cool, 
healthy  winter  climate,  the  well-stocked  markets,  render  it  one 
of  the  most  attractive  ports  in  the  West  Indies.  Twenty  days 
can  be  well  spent  on  the  passage  from  Newport.  The  distance 
is  about  1,800  miles. 

The  most  convenient  and  comfortable  anchorage  lies  south- 
west of  the  adjutant  general's  wharf,  in  from  5  to  6  fathoms, 
inside  of  the  Royal  Mail  mooring  buoys,  and  near  and  to  the 
southward  of  the  powder  hulk. 

Men-of-war  boats  are  allowed  to  land  at  either  the  adjutant 
general's  wharf  or  the  engineer's  wharf ;  the  latter  lies  about 
one-half  mile  to  the  southward  of  the  adjutant  general's  wharf. 


70  MANUAL   FOR    OFFICERS. 

The  governor  and  the  general  commanding  are  to  be  visited. 
The  United  States  is  represented  by  a  consul  and  vice-consul. 
Salutes  are  returned.  It  is  customary  for  the  consul  to  arrange 
for  making  the  official  visits.  This  practice  is  general  through- 
out the  West  Indies. 

The  health  officer  promptly  boards  the  ship  and  gives  pratique 
when  a  clean  bill  of  health  is  presented. 

Advantage  should  be  taken  of  the  smooth  water  and  steady 
breezes  for  boat  exercise  under  sail  and  oars. 

TRI]VIDAD,  \V.  I. 

Port  of  Spain,  the  capital  of  Trinidad,  situated  on  the  Gulf  of 
Paria,  is  the  most  flourishing  city  in  the  Windward  group  of 
islands.  It  is  handsome  and  well  built ;  provisions  of  all  kinds 
are  plentiful,  and  it  is  one  of  the  most  interesting  and  attractive 
to  the  boys;  the  only  drawback  is  the  heat  and  dampness  of 
the  climate,  which  even  in  winter  render  it  uncomfortable  and 
malarious. 

Pratique  is  given  by  the  harbor  master. 

There  is  a  governor  to  be  visited.  No  salutes  are  returned,  the 
English  troops  formerly  quartered  on  this  island  having  been 
withdrawn. 

The  United  States  is  represented  by  a  consul  and  vice-consul. 
The  most  convenient  anchorage  lies  due  west  of  the  light-house 
on  the  jetty,  in  4  to  5  fathoms. 

The  Gulf  of  Paria  is  one  of  the  largest  and  finest  bays  in  the 
world,  and  presents  exceptionally  good  facilities  for  exercising 
training  ships,  especially  under  sail.  There  Is  a  nearly  uniform 
depth  of  12  to  13  fathoms  over  the  whole  area,  enabling  vessels  to 
anchor  anywhere.  This  harbor  offers  special  facilities  for  target 
practice  with  great  guns.  Training  ships  can  fire  the  allowance 
for  first  sea  practice  to  great  advantage  in  this  bay. 

SAINT  LUCIA,  ^W.  I. 

Castries,  the  capital,  situated  at  the  head  of  the  bay  of  the  same 
name,  can  not  be  reached  under  sail.  It  is  the  principal  coal  depot 
in  the  West  Indies,  offering  special  advantages  both  in  price  and 
in  facilities  for  taking  coal. 

The  harbor  master  meets  vessels  outside,  gives  pratique,  and 
berths  them  at  mooring  buoys,  free  of  charge. 


UrS.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  71 

There  is  an  administrator  to  be  visited.  Salutes  are  not  re- 
turned. The  United  States  is  represented  by  a  vice-consul,  who 
is  also  the  principal  coal  merchant. 

MARTIXIQUE,   AY.    I. 

Port  de  France,  the  capital,  is  the  military  and  naval  head- 
quarters of  the  French  West  Indies,  and  is  inhabited  almost  en- 
tirely by  officials  and  their  dependents.  The  town  is  not  over- 
clean,  the  houses  old  and  dilapidated,  the  climate  moist  and 
unhealthy,  and  the  rainfall  comparatively  heavy,  even  in  winter. 
For  these  reasons  this  place  and  St.  Pierre,  the  commercial  port 
of  the  island,  should  be  avoided  by  training  vessels.  The  high 
mountains  to  windward  of  these  ports  cut  off  the  trade  winds 
and  render  it  very  difficult  to  reach  them  under  sail. 

The  most  convenient  anchorage  lies  about  one-third  mile  north- 
west by  west  of  the  light-house  on  Fort  au  France,  in  5  fathoms. 

There  is  a  governor  and  commander  of  forces  to  be  visited. 
At  Port  de  France  salutes  are  returned.  The  American  consul 
lives  at  St.  Pierre,  and  can  be  communicated  .with  by  telephone. 
He  forwards  the  ship's  mail  by  the  coasting  steamer  connecting 
the  two  ports. 

Pratique  is  given  by  the  health  officer  upon  presentation  of  a 
clean  bill  of  health. 

ST.  KITTS,  AV.  I. 

Basse  Ten-e,  the  capital,  is  one  of  the  coolest,  cleanest,  and 
healthiest  of  the  West  Indian  ports.  The  bay  is  large  and  well 
sheltered,  the  climate  comparatively  dry,  and  the  winds  moder- 
ate and  steady ;  and  because  of  the  hospitality  and  good  will  of 
the  administrator  in  offering  special  facilities  and  accommoda- 
tions to  training  ships,  a  month  or  more  of  the  winter  cruise  can 
be  advantageously  spent  here. 

Provisions  are  good  and  plentiful,  and  fresh  water  can  be  taken 
from  the  pipe  at  the  end  of  the  wharf  free  of  charge. 

The  administrator  readily  accords  permission  to  land  the  bat- 
talion under  arms  for  drill  and  target  practice,  and  the  bay  offers 
good  facilities  for  boat  exercise  under  sail. 

There  is  an  administrator  to  be  visited ;  salute,  thirteen  guns. 
Salutes  are  returned.  The  United  States  is  represented  by  a  vice- 
consul. 


72  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS.     . 

The  most  convenient  anchorage  is  south  of  the  wharf,  in  from 
5  to  6  fathoms. 

Pratique  is  furnished  by  the  harbor  master  upon  the  presentor 
tion  of  a  clean  bill  of  health. 

ST.  CROIX,  ^V.  I. 

Fredericksted,  the  port  usually  visited,  lies  in  an  open  bay  on 
the  sheltered  side  of  the  island.  It  is  a  clean,  healthy  town,  and 
can  be  reached  from  the  northward  with  little  difficulty  under 
sail.^ 

The  place  presents  no  particular  attractions  other  than  its 
excellent  climate  and  its  frequent  mails  from  the  United  States. 

The  Danish  lieutenant  in  command  of  the  garrison  acts  as  cap- 
tain of  the  port,  and  gives  pratique  to  vessels  upon  the  presenta- 
tion of  a  clean  bill  of  health. 

The  most  convenient  anchorage  is  found  abreast  the  wharf,  in 
5  to  6  fathoms  of  water. 

The  governor  resides  at  Christiansted  six  months  of  the  year 
and  at  St.  Thomas  the  other  six.  It  is  not  customary  to  visit 
him  while  at  St.  Croix.     Salutes  are  returned. 

The  United  States  is  represented  by  a  vice-consul. 

ST.  THOMAS,  ^/V.  I. 

St.  Thomas,  the  headquarters  of  the  Danish  West  Indies,  is  a 
clean,  healthy,  attractive  port,  usually  visited  for  the  purpose  of 
replenishing  the  ship's  stores.  Sailing  vessels  have  no  difficulty 
in  entering  or  leaving  the  harbor. 

The  harbor  master  oneets  vessels  outside,  gives  pratique,  and 
berths  them  at  convenient  anchorages,  free  of  charge. 

There  is  a  governor  to  be  visited.  Salutes  are  returned.  The 
United  States  is  represented  by  a  consul  and  vice-consul. 

SA:N^  JUAIS^,  p.  R. 

Leaving  St.  Thomas  or  Santa  Cruz  for  San  Juan,  vessels  should 
spend  four  or  five  days  in  the  sheltered  waters  east  of  Porto  Rico, 
between  it  and  Culebra  Island,  for  target  practice  with  great 
guns.  The  battalion  can  be  landed  for  drill  and  target  practice 
with  small  arms  from  one  of  the  many  convenient  anchorages 
surrounding  it. 

San  Juan  is  a  clean,  healthy  port,  handsome  and  well  built,  and 
full  of  interest  for  the  apprentices.     Sailing  vessels  enter  with 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  73 

difficulty,  owing  to  the  narrowness  of  channel  at  the  mouth  of 
the  bay  and  the  direction  of  the  trade  winds.  It  can  be  managed, 
however,  with  the  assistance  of  a  pilot  and  by  taking  advantage 
of  favorable  slants,  which  usually  occur  in  the  early  morning. 

Convenient  anchorage  can  be  found  in  the  inner  harbor  directly 
off  the  naval  arsenal,  in  4  fathoms. 

The  authorities  to  be  visited  are  the  commandant  of  the  naval 
station,  the  governor  of  the  island,  and  the  commander  of  the 
forces.     Salutes  are  returned. 

The  harbor  master  gives  pratique  to  vessels  presenting  a  clean 

bill  of  health. 

LA  GUAYRA. 

Standing  to  the  southward  from  Porto  Rico,  La  Guayra  is  a 
convenient  port  to  visit.  The  fine  mountain  scenery,  the  close 
proximity  of  Caracas,  the  convenient  harbor  moorings,  and  the 
politeness  of  the  officials  render  it  an  attractive  place. 

The  harbor  master  meets  incoming  men-of-war,  berths  them 
at  mooring  buoys  inside  the  breakwater,  and  gives  pratique  to 
vessels  presenting  a  clean  bill  of  health. 

The  "Pack  Saddle,"  a  curved  indentation  oil  the  summit  of 
the  high  mountains  resembling  a  saddle,  is  a  conspicuous  land- 
mark, and  lies  just  over  La  Guayra. 

The  collector  of  the  port  is  the  principal  resident  official ;  he  is 
not  entitled  to  a  salute.     Salutes  are  returned. 

The  United  States  is  represented  by  a  consul  and  vice-consul. 

The  minister  resides  at  Caracas,  and  the  arrival  of  the  ship 
can  be  reported  to  him  by  telephone  from  the  consul's  office. 

CURAgOA. 

The  island  of  Curagoa  possesses  peculiar  and  interesting  fea- 
tures, which  render  it  an  attractive  port.  Willemstad,  the  cap- 
ital, is  a  clean,  healthy  port,  the  residence  of  the  governor  and 
principal  military  authorities. 

The  channel  being  well  marked,  steamers  can  proceed  directly 
through  the  canal  into  Santa  Ana  Harbor  and  anchor  vsrithout 
the  assistance  of  a  pilot. 

There  is  a  governor  to  be  visited.  Salutes  are  returned.  The 
United  States  is  represented  by  a  consul. 

The  best  anchorage  is  in  the  Schottegat,  near  the  entrance  to 
the  canal,  in  from  10  to  12  fathoms. 


74  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 


GUANTANAMO  BAY. 


From  Curagoa  or  La  Guayra  ten  days  can  be  profitably  spent 
making  the  passage  to  Gnantanamo. 

The  climate  in  winter,  is  cool  and  dry,  and  the  water  being  suf- 
ficiently bold  for  vessels  to  anchor  close  inshore,  excellent  facili- 
ties are  offered  for  landing  parties. 

Fresh  provisions  cannot  be  obtained  nearer  than  Caimanera, 
in  the  upper  harbor. 

Vessels  can  anchor  in  smooth  water  anywhere  inside  of  Fish- 
erman's Point  within  a  few  hundred  yards  of  the  shore. 

KIXGSTOI^,  JAMAICA. 

Kingston,  the  capital,  is  a  large,  handsome  city,  noteworthy 
for  its  excellent  climate  and  its  good  sanitary  condition.  The 
bay  is  well  sheltered  and  affords  excellent  opportunities  for  boat 
exercise.  Permission  to  land  the  battalion  for  drills  and  target 
practice  at  Port  Royal  can  be  obtained  from  the  commodore  com- 
manding the  naval  station. 

There  is  a  governor  and  general  commanding  the  forces  to  be 
visited  at  Kingston  and  the  commodore  of  the  naval  station  at 
Port  Royal. 

Salutes  are  fired  at  Port  Royal.  Men-of-war  often  anchor  there 
and  make  the  official  visits  before  proceeding  up  to  Kingston  in 
order  to  save  the  long  trip  from  the  city.  Vessels  making  a  stay 
at  Port  Royal  are  permitted  to  tie  up  to  one  of  the  mooring  buoys 
off  the  navy  yard. 

The  United  States  is  represented  by  a  consul  and  vice-consul. 

Pratique  is  given  by  the  health  officer  upon  presentation  of  a 
clean  bill  of  health. 

The  most  convenient  anchorage  is  directly  off  the  boat  landing, 
in  6  or  7  fathoms,  at  a  point  about  200  yards  to  the  westward  of 
the  mooring  buoy  for  mail  steamers. 

KEY  WEST. 

Key  West  is  a  healthy,  attractive  jiort  in  winter,  easily  acces- 
sible. It  is  usually  visited  by  training  ships  in  order  to  replenish 
stores.  The  harbor  is  smooth  and  spacious,  and  affords  good  op- 
portunities for  instruction  in  boat  sailing.  Coal  and  supplies  of 
all  kinds  can  be  obtained  and  minor  repairs  effected  at  the  United 
States  naval  station. 


U.  S.  CRUISING  TRAINING  SHIPS.  75 

Florida  Bay  and  the  western  coast  of  Florida  to  the  northward 
of  Key  West  affords  unsurpassed  facilities  for  target  practice 
wdth  great  guns ;  in  fact,  the  whole  neighborhood  is,  in  winter, 
well  adapted  by  climate  and  situation  as  a  drill  ground  for  train 
ing  ships. 

A  health  officer  from  the  marine  hospital  gives  pratique.  Ves- 
sels coming  from  the  West  Indies  after  April  1  are  subject  to  five 
days'  quarantine. 

A  convenient  anchorage  can  be  found  in  4  fathoms  at  a  point 
to  the  southward  and  westward  of  Buoy  No.  15. 

GARDINERS  BAY. 

Returning  in  the  spring  from  the  winter's  cruise  in  the  West 
Indies,  Gardiners  Bay  presents  superior  advantages  for  the  third 
great  gun  target  practice  and  the  final  drills  and  exercises  pre- 
liminary to  inspection. 

Training  vessels  can  anchor  in  Bostwick  Bay,  under  Gardiners 
Island,  in  4i  fathoms,  within  100  yards  of  the  shore,  enabling  land- 
ing parties  to  be  sent  on  shore  with  the  least  possible  loss  of  time. 
A  week  could  be  profitably  spent  here  perfecting  the  drills,  exam- 
ining the  boys,  and  completing  arrangements  for  transferring 
them  to  the  receiving  ships. 

Respectfully  submitted. 

J.  J.  Hunker, 
Commander,  U.  S.  Navy,  Commanding 


"BAII.EY  MEDAL"  FOR  APPRENTICES. 


Special  Circular  i*  Navy  Department, 

No.  30.  f  Washington,  D.  C,  April  20,  1897. 

1,  The  "  Bailey  Medal, "  instituted  by  the  late  Rear  Admiral 
Theodorus  Bailey  for  the  purpose  of  inciting  the  apprentices  of 
the  United  States  Navy  to  greater  effort  in  acquiring  proficiency 
in  their  duties,  will  be  awarded  to  one  apprentice  annually. 

3.  After  each  practice  cruise  the  captain  of  each  of  the  train- 
ing ships  shall  report  in  writing  to  the  commanding  officers  of 
the  training  stations  to  which  they  are  attached  the  names  and 


76  MANUAL  FOR    OFFICERS. 

records,  including  target  records,  of  the  apprentices  satisfactory 
in  obedience,  industry,  and  conduct,  and  most  distinguished  for 
skill  in  their  duties  in  a  man-of-war. 

3.  The  commanding  officers  of  the  training  stations  shall 
appoint  boards  of  three  officers  each,  who  shall  consider  the 
records  and  subject  the  apprentices  named  to  an  examination  of 
a  purely  practical  nature,  as  shown  in  the  following  table,  with 
weights  to  be  assigned  to  each,  the  marks  to  be  on  a  scale  of  50 : 

Knotting  and  splicing  hemp  and  wire 50 

Sailmaking.. 50 

Hea,ving  lead 50 

Heaving  log 25 

Signals _ _. _ 50 

Exercise  as  captain  of  gun,  main  battery 75 

Exercise  as  captain  of  gun,  secondary  battery 50 

School  of  soldier 75 

Great-gun  target  firing ^.  50 

Small-arm  target  firing 50 

Sword  exercise 35 

Swimming 25 

Sewing 25 

Knowledge  of  his  accounts  with  paymaster 25 

Condition  of  clothing 25 

General  conduct  and  bearing 50 

Total 700 

4.  The  results  in  detail  of  each  of  these  examinations  and  the 
recommendations  of  the  boards  shall  be  forwarded  to  the  Depart- 
ment, and  the  apprentice  having  the  highest  percentage  shall 
receive  the  medal,  the  award  to  be  made  to  the  apprentices  of 
the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  coasts  in  alternate  years,  so  that  after 
the  first  year  the  award  -shall  be  made  upon  the  markings  of  the 
two  years  preceding  the  date  of  the  award. 

5.  On  the  31st  day  of  December  of  each  year  the  medal  will  be 
awarded,  beginning  with  the  Atlantic  Coast. 

John  D.  Long, 

Secretary. 


,'..-'-..«K<»»i-;j'.-;>,-.»:-,s..' 


THIS  BOOK  IS  DUE  ON  THE  LAST  DATE 
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jLil/M«           'a    ^         '"-,,, 

ArOv    ^1  194^ 

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MAR  1  3  1956  Lii 

LD21-100m-7,'40(6936 

YB  49858 


